Volume 3 Issue 01 Jan 2015

Citation

Title: Role of Maxillary Canines in Sex Determination in Northern Central Region of India

Authors: Dr. Sajjad Jafer Khan, Dr. Ranjan Dixit, Dr S.K Agarwal, Dr. Rakesh Kumar Shukla

Paper Index: 01.2015-84977211

Abstract

Introduction:- Gender determination is one of the important parameters in the forensic science. The forensic odontologist is to identify the sex from whatever human dental remains are presented as a specimen.no two teeth have similar morphology and the purpose of this study was to investigate whether sexual dimorphism can be established by odontometric study of permanent maxillary canines’ teeth as well as canine arch width. Morphology of individual teeth is unique and is determined by genetic factor.

Aim and objective:-

Ø To identify role of maxillary canines in sex determination.

Ø To find out maxillary canines index & sexual dimorphism methods for sex determination.

Ø To review the findings in light of available literature.

Material & Methods:-The study was carried out on 100 objects 50 males and 50 females selected from NIMS medical college Jaipur (raj) belong to northern central region of India for role of maxillary canine in sex determination. The mesiodistal dimension of permanent maxillary canines was measured with the help of verniercalliper.

Results:-The mesiodistal dimensions of the right and left maxillary canines were significantly different in male greater then female.

Permanent maxillary canine exhibited larger mean values of mesiodistal dimension in males compared to females in northern central region of India.

Conclusion- The results of the present study showed that maxillary canines exhibiting significant sexual dimorphism and can be used for sex determination in individual as well as in group such as in mass disasters like earthquakes, floods.

Keywords:-sexual dimorphism, sex determination, mesiodistal dimensions.

Citation

Title: Prevalence and Risk Factors of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Authors: Singh A.K., Sinha N., Jha S.,Jaiswal P.,Kumar I.

Paper Index: 01.2015-55416744

Abstract

Introduction:Type 2 diabetes mellitus is generally associated with vascular complication like nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease. Microalbuminuria has a strong correlation with microvascular as well as macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Establishment of peripheral vascular complications leads to early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of renal and cardiovascular complications. This study investigated the value of ankle-brachial index (ABI) for prediction of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods:Measurement of ABI with colour Doppler ultrasonography was carried out for 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. An ABI Index less than 0.9 were defined as a predictive marker for atherosclerosis. Microalbuminuria and risk factors of atherosclerosis were compared between the patients categorized based on the ABI values.

Results:The mean ABI was 1.1 ± 0.2 (range 0.52 to 1.6) and 20 (20%) had an abnormal ABI (< 0.9). The correlations were significant between abnormal ABI and duration of disease (p<0.001), cardiovascular event and cardiac care unit admission (p<0.001), hypertension (p<0.01), and dyslipidemia (p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between ABI and microalbuminuria (odds ratio 0.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.038 to 0.630; P <0.01).

Conclusions:The ABI is a noninvasive and reliable assay for detection of peripheral and cardiovascular complications, and also early stage of nephropathy in diabetic patients. In patients with an abnormal ABI, long-term follow-up for earlier detection and prevention of complications is helpful.

Citation

Title: An Assosciation of Diabetic Retinopathy with Serum Lipids Level – A Study

Authors: Dr. Preeti Rawat, Dr. Divya Patel, Dr. Sachin Tammannavar, Dr. Ulka Srivastava, Dr.Vijay Bhaisare, Dr. Narmada Prasad Tiwari

Paper Index: 01.2015-27511839

Abstract

Aim: To study the assosciation of Diabetic retinopathy with serum lipids level in Type 2 diabetic subjects.

Settings and Design: The Cross sectional nonrandomized study.

Materials and Methods: A total 150 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus were assessed for presence and severity of retinopathy and they were correlated with age, sex, duration of Diabetic mellitus and serum lipids level. Diabetic Retinopathy was diagnosed by fundus examination using indirect ophthalmoscope with 20D lens and slit lamp biomicroscopy with 78D lens and classified according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grading system.

Results: A total 150 patients were evaluated out of which 108(72%) had diabetic retinopathy & 42(28%) were not having any Diabetic retinopathy. When Diabetic Retinopathy subjects were compared with those without Diabetic Retinopathy ,the mean serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides and non-high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (all having P <0.05) concentrations were higher in Diabetic Retinopathy subjects. Triglycerides & HDL were more deranged in Diabetic Retinopathy, while Triglycerides & LDL were more deranged in CSME patients.

Keywords: ETDRS,LDL,HDL,CSME, and Triglycerides.

Citation

Title: Pseudo-Exfoliation Syndrome – Correlation of Preoperative Axial Length, Pupillary Diameter, Lens Thickness and Intra Operative Complications During Phacoemulsification

Authors: Dr. Nikhilesh Wairagde, Dr. Pramod Chipure, Dr. Vikas Mahatme, Dr. Chitra Pande, Dr. M.D Pawar

Paper Index: 01.2015-82441651

Abstract

175 eyes with Pseudo-exfoliation syndrome (PXF) undergoing cataract surgery by phacoemulsification were studied at this prospective non comparative study conducted at Mahatme Eye Bank Eye Hospital, Nagpur, India. The study aimed at finding out association if any between preoperative Axial Length, Pupillary diameter, Lens thickness and intraoperative complications during phacoemulsification. It was found that association of axial length and lens thickness with intraoperative complications was not significant (P value = 0.58 and 0.54 respectively).The mean pupillary diameter in eyes with complications was less (4.60 ±0.98) mm as compared to 5.61 ±1.60 mm in eyes without complications. The relation between these groups was statistically significant. (P value=0.018).

Key Words: Pseudo-exfoliation syndrome (PXF), Phacoemulsification, cataract surgery, Axial Length, Pupillary diameter, Lens thickness, intraoperative complications of cataract surgery, PCR (Posterior Capsular Rupture), zonulodialysis, iridodialysis

Citation

Title: Dimon and Hughston Osteotomy with D.H.S Fixation in the Management of Unstable Trochanteric Fractures of Hip

Authors: Dr.K.Venkateswarlu, Dr.M.Nagaraju, Dr.Kotesh

Paper Index: 01.2015-99234327

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the performance of Dimon-Hughston osteotomy using a dynamic hip screw fixation implant in unstable trochanteric fractures of hip among geriatric patients.

Materials and Methods: This study focused on 25 patients who presented to the Department of Orthopaedics ,Government General Hospital, Kurnool Medical College,Kurool. .Type AO 2.2 and Type AO 2.3 fractures were selected based on the AO classification. These fractures were managed by Dimon-Hughston osteotomy with a 140s° dynamic hip screw.

Results: All 25 patients (mean age 71.2years) were able to perform full weight-bearing walking after the operation.

The mean time needed to achieve union was 16 weeks .One patient experienced hip screw cut-out and 1 patient developed superficial wound infection. All the patients came to follow up every 3 weeks after the operation.

Conclusion: For the geriatric patients in this study, Dimon-Hughston osteotomy for unstable pertrochanteric fractures provided immediate stability for early weight-bearing.

Key Words: osteotomy, geriatric, dynamic, unstable, trochanter.

Citation

Title: Maxillary Alveolar Bone Necrosis Associated With Herpes Zoster along Maxillary Nerve - A Rare Case Report with Review

Authors: Dr. Ajaz Shah, Dr. Irshad Ahmad, Dr. Shahid Hassan, Dr. Syed Wakeel, Dr. Mohamad Israr, Dr. Urnaib Riyaz

Paper Index: 01.2015-18688784

Abstract

Herpes zoster is a viral infection caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, an infection most commonly affecting the thoracolumbar trunk. Herpes Zoster Infection (HZI) may affect the cranial nerves, most frequently the trigeminal. HZI of the trigeminal nerve distribution network manifests as multiple, painful vesicular eruptions of the skin and mucosa which are innervated by the infected nerves , usually associated with severe pain. Oral manifestations of HZ appear when the mandibular or maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve are affected.Reports of osteonecrosis and spontaneous tooth loss following herpes zoster infection of the fifth cranial are extremely rare. We are reporting a case of Herpes zoster involving the left side maxillary nerve with osteonecrosis of the maxilla .

Keywords: Maxilla, Osteonecrosis, Tooth exfoliation, Varicella zoster

Citation

Title: Cataract Surgery by Phacoemulsification – Surgical and Visual Outcome with Foldable and Non-Foldable Lenses

Authors: Dr. Chitra Pande, Dr. Lubna Rahman, Dr. Vikas Mahatme, Dr. Nikhilesh Wairagade, Dr. Seema Deshmukh

Paper Index: 01.2015-24228497

Abstract

This prospective comparative study included 300 matched patients of different grades of senile cataract. All of them willfully underwent phacoemulsification at the hands of a single experienced surgeon, performing with a single and individual technique {Woodcutter’s technique1}; half of them were implanted with a foldable intraocular lens and the other half with a non-foldable PMMA intraocular lens. All the patients undergoing phacoemulsification had an improvement in vision. There was no statistically significant difference in the surgically induced astigmatism after implanting foldable or non-foldable IOL. There was a higher rate of posterior capsule opacification following the implantation of rigid PMMA intraocular lens which was statistically significant (p=0.0113) as compared to the foldable poly HEMA lenses. However none of these required any active intervention.

Key Words: Phacoemulsification, Cataract surgery, Foldable IOL, Non foldable phaco IOL, BCVA (Best corrected visual acuity), surgically induced astigmatism, PCO (posterior capsular opacification), PCR (posterior capsular rent)

Citation

Title: Uric Acid Levels in Serum in the Assessment of Some Psychiatric Disorders in India

Authors: Tarannum Fatima Subhani, Md. Abu Nasar, R.P. Gupta, Md. Arif Naseer, Syed Saif Subhani

Paper Index: 01.2015-18354944

Abstract

Background:The increasing number of latent and manifest hyperuricemia is important concerning differential diagnosis in neurological and psychiatric diseases. The pathological importance of hyperuricemia in these diseases is particularly unknown. Previous studies have shown that uric acid estimation in cerebrospinal fluid was made with neurological and psychiatric diseases. Monitoring serum uric acid levels, a relatively inexpensive and easily available test, may prove to be a useful adjunct in the

assessment of certain indices of certain psychiatric illness. Tranquilizers like 1,4 - benzodiazepine (purinergic) are shown to decrease xanthine oxidase activity initially and may cause fluctuations in serum uric acid levels.

Objective: In the present study an attempt was made to understand the effect of tranquilizers on serum uric acid levels in different psychiatric conditions.

Methods:40 cases (22 males and 18 females) of MDP (Maniac depressive psychosis) and Schizophrenia who were undergoing treatment with different tranquilizers from the psychiatric hospital, Patna, India and 20 healthy controls (12 males and 8 females) not using any tranquilizers were included in the study.

Results:The serum uric acid levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in these

patients receiving treatment with tranquilizers. The levels of uric acid in male patients were significantly higher when compared with females and also over male controls (p < 0.01).In female patients uric acids levels are raised but not significant (p > 0.05) over control females.

Conclusion:This preliminary study does indicate that serum uric acid levels do change with the administration of these drugs. The nature, gender, duration and the type of drugs used and their individual effects on different psychiatric disorders will be discussed.

Key Words: Acute psychosis, Affective disorders, Schizophrenia, Tranquilizers, Uric acid

Citation

Title: Pancreatic Tuberculosis : A Case Report

Authors: Dr.Mahendra Wawhal, Dr.Vajed Mogal, Dr.Vishal Dalvi, Dr.Mahendra Sonawane, Dr. Pratap Gole, Dr.Sumit Patil

Paper Index: 01.2015-21561755

Abstract

We report a case of pancreatic tuberculosis. A 30 year woman who presented with abdominal distention, low grade fever, night sweats and anorexia for two month. She recovered with anti tubercular therapy. Pancreatic tuberculosis, in particular is extremely rare, and only a few cases have been reported. Diagnosis of pancreatic TB has always been a challenge, but radiological investigations and image guided intervention helped in the diagnosis and prevention of unnecessary laparotomy.

Key words Pancreatic tuberculosis, Fine needle aspiration cytology, Polymerase chain reaction

Citation

Title: Dengue in Pregnancy

Authors: Neelakandan Ramya, Sethu Prabhu Shankar

Paper Index: 01.2015-78919855

Abstract

Background: Dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito borne viral disease in the world. There is an increase in incidence of dengue in adult population in South Asian countries in recent years.

Objective: To study the pattern of dengue in pregnancy and the impact of dengue on the natural course of pregnancy.

Materials & Methods: All pregnant patients admitted with fever and features suggestive of dengue infection were included in the study. The demographic data, clinical features, hematological and biochemical parameters were collected. Serological testing for dengue virus specific antigen and antibody was done for the diagnosis of dengue fever. The World Health Organization classification and case definitions 2009 was used to categorize the dengue patients. The variable pattern of the disease and the effect of dengue infection on the natural course and outcome of pregnancy and labour was studied.

Results: Of the 49 pregnant patients admitted with suspected dengue infection, 16 were diagnosed serologically with dengue. Of these 6 (37.59%) had primary dengue and 10 (62.5%) had secondary dengue infection. Eight patients were diagnosed with dengue in the second trimester. Number of patients who had dengue ± warning signs and severe dengue were 14 (87.5%) and 02 (12.5%) respectively. Skin rashes were seen in 09 (56.2%) patients, vomiting in 4 (25%) patients. Severe thrombocytopenia was seen in 2 (12.5%). Preterm labour was seen in 8 (50.0%) patients.

Conclusion: This study highlights the clinical pattern and the natural course of dengue in pregnancy. The clinical presentation of dengue in pregnancy is almost similar to dengue in non pregnant adults. There is increased association of dengue with preterm delivery and low birth weight. The treatment of dengue in pregnancy is mainly conservative as in non pregnant adults

Keywords: Dengue, pregnancy, thrombocytopenia, preterm labour

Citation

Title; Specular Microscopic Changes in Corneal Endothelium after Cataract Surgery in different Age Group

Authors: Indu singh, Deepesh Kumar, S.Singh

Paper Index: 01.2015-51372399

Abstract

Introduction: Specular microscopy is used to view and record non-invasively the image of the corneal endothelial cell layer. Aim: study was undertaken to document the effect of cataract surgery on specular microscopic corneal status of patients in different age group.

Material and Methods: Four hundred fifty seven patients were included in this study, the patients Who underwent cataract surgery. The patients were examined before surgery & after 6 weeks of surgery on follow up visits. Corneal endothelial examination was done non-contact specular microscope (Topconsp-2000p) after detailed ocular examination.

Results: Cell loss after surgical trauma was seen in older age group (Table 11). Proportional hexagonality analysis showed that the age groups 71-80 and > 80 years had more proportional Hexagonality change (Table 14).Proportional change analysis of mean average cell size after cataract surgery in different age group reveled that ACS increased significantly more in the higher age groups as compared to young patients (p<0.05) (Table16).Postoperative CV increased across all age groups indicating polymegathisn.(Table 17). Pre and post CCT showed that older corneas had significantly more corneal swelling postoperatively.

Conclusion: To conclude in absence of significant corneal changes the visual recovery after cataract surgery was satisfactory.

Keywords: Specular microscopy, Corneal endothelium, Cataract surgery.

Citation

Title: Dietary Management Practiced By Subjects Suffering From Chronic Disorders

Authors: Satheesha. N, Sunanda Sharan, Shoba. S

Paper Index: 01.2015-89748457

Abstract

Health is a basic pre-condition for happiness and progress in life of an individual and quality health care is lifeline for the growth of any nation. The metabolic disorders we know today is increasing day by day due to modernization, change in life style, mental stress, improper eating habits, faster pace of life, loss of physical exercises etc thereby culminatively contributing to chronic disorders. Dietary management is the key to good health and vigour. Dietary management approaches followed by the subjects related to food habits, adaptation of alternative system (medication), changes in this life style, work pattern, change in approach, sleeping pattern, type of stress, exercise, diet and pranayama were collected through a well structured interview schedule. In dietary management practices of subject suffering from hypertensive disorders, the consumption of restricted foods was higher in group-I (Allopathy) compared to group-II (Ayurvedic) and group-III (Naturopathy). Non-consumption of restricted foods, fruits and vegetables was highest in group II compared to group I and group III. In case of subjects suffering from Diabetes mellitus consumption of restricted foods namely rice, fruits and vegetables was highest in group II compared to group I and group III. Under group I subjects suffereing from cardiac vascular disease consumed higher amount of fried foods and non-vegetarian foods compared to other groups.

Keywords: Dietary management, chronic disorder, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease.

Citation

Title: Parenteral Administration of Organophosphorus Compound- An Unusual Route of Poisoning Presenting With Severe Toxicity

Authors: R. B. Sudagar Singh, K. Vengadakrishnan, J. Damodaran

Paper Index: 01.2015-84224898

Abstract

Acute organophosphorus Compound poisoning (OPC) usually manifest in 3 different phases of toxic effects like, acute cholinergic crisis, intermediate syndrome (IMS), lastly delayed neuropathy. Poisoning other than by ingestion is rarely seen in clinical practice. Here we report a 22 year male who presented in altered sensorium and erythema with induration in left arm. Treatment was started with high clinical suspicion of OPC poisoning. History of injecting about 15ml of parathion into his left arm was revealed after the patient regained consciousness. He developed features of IMS with necrosis and infection at the site of injection. He required ventilator support. He recovered after prompt administration of Pralidoxime and Atropine along with broad spectrum antibiotics and wound debridement. Parenteral administration of organophosphorus poison can cause severe toxicity especially with delayed manifestations and early recognition and treatment is essential for recovery.

Keywords: Intermediate syndrome, Organophosphorus Poisoning Parenteral

Citation

Title: Therapy concept for Surgical Uprighting of the Impacted Second Mandibular Molar

Authors: Dr. Benjamin Shlomi, Prof. Dr. Nezar Watted, Dr. Muhamad Abu-Hussein

Paper Index: 01.2015-82965813

Abstract

Impaction of permanent teeth is a relatively common occurrence and can involve any tooth in the dental arch. Impacted mandibular second molars are less frequently encountered, but when they occur they may present a challenging treatment procedure for the orthodontist and oral surgeon, they may require auxiliary appliances. Generally the definitive treatment of these Impactions is carried out at the age of 11-to 14- years old range. These impaction ma by associated with a third molar impaction.

The possibilities of second molar impaction treatments is surgical removal of second molar and allowing third molar to erupt, transplantation of third molar to the second molar space, surgical repositioning of second molar with or without third molar extraction. The most promising results was seen in cases of repositioned second molar. The timing of treatment and the biomechanics involved determine the success

Purpose of this article to describe the surgical repositioning of second molar with third molar extraction

Key words:impaction, second molar, surgical uprighting, surgical exposure

Citation

Title: Recurrent Dislocation of Patella Due to Dysplastic Patella- A Case Report

Authors: Kurukunda.Venkateswarlu, Dr. D .Rajaiah, P. Siva Babu

Paper Index: 01.2015-81771834

Abstract

Recurrent dislocation of patella of knee joint is uncommon condition which may result in sudden lateral dislocation of patella when the knee joint is flexed. It may be caused due minimal trauma ,with an underlying pathology in the extensor mechanism of the knee joint. Anatomically vastus lateralis may be hypertrophic, vastus medialis may be deficient ,patella may be small(dysplastic). The treatment options differ for each case, like proximal realignment procedure, distal realignment procedure or combined. A male boy aged 14 years presented with Recurrent dislocation of patella of right knee due to dysplastic patella. We have treated him with proximal realignment procedure by Insall Techniqu. The patient recovered well with good stability of the patella. Inall procedure is simple and effective technique which can be done by any other orthopaedic surgeon when it is indicated.

Key Words: Recurrent, dislocation, alignment, dysplastic

Citation

Title: The Association of Obesity and Blood Pressure in Children Studying in Schools in A Rural Area

Authors: Rhea Anna Kurian, John Thomas C, Anna Mathew, Saravanakumar Velusamy

Paper Index: 01.2015-39824744

Abstract

Background: Childhood obesity and hypertension are major problems worldwide. Obesity is the leading cause of hypertension and hence preventing obesity has a good impact on controlling hypertension. Thus it is important to find any association between obesity and blood pressure in adolescent children which in turn can help in the identification of those at risk.

Objective: To study the association of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), with Blood Pressure of children.

Methodology: The study covered 187 school children of 13-15 years age from a rural area. Height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and two recordings of systolic and diastolic blood pressure of each child were recorded. Body mass index, waist-hip ratio and mean blood pressure were calculated. The data were collated and analyzed using chi-square test.

Results: The study population of 187 had a higher proportion of boys (60.4%). 36.4% of children with a higher BMI were found to be hypertensive as compared to 19.4% and 23.6% children with low and normal BMI respectively. Hypertension was found in 27.8% of those children with a waist-hip ratio on the obese side.

Conclusion: The study revealed a positive association between obesity and blood pressure in adolescent children. Overweight children, according to both body mass index and waist-hip ratio were found to have a higher blood pressure than the other children.

Keywords: Childhood obesity, overweight, hypertension, body mass index, waist hip ratio.

Citation

Title: Pancreatic Pseudocyst: A Surgical Dilemma

Authors: Dr. Ketan Vagholkar, Dr. Madhavan Iyengar, Dr. Rahulkumar Chavan, Dr. Abhishek Mahadik, Dr. Urvashi Jain

Paper Index: 01.2015-83589387

Abstract

Development of a pseudocyst of the pancreas after an attack of acute pancreatitis is a known phenomenon. The natural history of the pseudocyst is extremely variable ranging from complete resolution to the development of chronicity. Understanding the natural history of pseudo cysts is therefore pivotal in determining the best therapeutic option at each stage of the disease along the natural course of the disease. The paper outlines the various options at each successive stage of the disease process.

Key words: Pancreas, pseudo cysts, management

Citation

Title: Seroprevalence of HBV among HIV Patients and Blood Donors

Author: Dr. Vedavati B I, Dr. Amrutha Kumari B, Dr. Venkatesha D

Paper Index: 01.2015-76515864

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B and HIV infections are serious global public health problems. Many of the countries with high HIV burden are also affected by high prevalence of hepatitis B infection, leading to frequent HIV/HBV coinfection.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HBV among HIV infected individuals in comparison with blood donors.

Methods: All patients attending ICTC centre were screened for HIV and HBsAg. During the same period blood donors were screened for HBsAg and HIV. HIV-HBV coinfection in blood donors were noted during the study period.

Results: A total of 2804 HIV seropositive cases were studied. 53 (1.89%) were positive for HBsAg. Among 21,779 blood donors, 206(0.94%) individuals were positive for HBsAg, 31(0.14%) for HIV and 3(0.013 %) had HIV - HBV coinfection.

Conclusion: HBV prevalence among HIV infected individuals is more, compared to blood donors. Screening of HIV patients for HBsAg is off importance. All high risk groups should be compulsory vaccinated, blood samples should be effectively screened before transfusion. 16

Keywords: Blood Donors,Coinfection, HBV, HIV, Seroprevalence

Citation

Title: Levels of Upper limit of Oxidative Stress Makers during Normal Pregnancy and Pre-Eclampsia

Authors: Usha Rani D, Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin, Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari, R. Haragopal, Barra Ram Reddy

Paper Index: 01.2015-29156524

Abstract

Background: the reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in multiple reproductive processes – maturation of oocyte, fertilization, development of embryo, pregnancy and parturition. However, the optimal levels and interplay of oxidants and antioxidants is crucial for a positive pregnancy outcome. Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is shown to have defective trophoblast invasion leading to high pressures in utero-placental circulation; thus this stress imposed on placenta may disturb the oxidant-antioxidant balance.

Aim: the purpose of this study was to assess the oxidative stress during uncomplicated pregnancy and pregnancy associated with hypertension in primi-gravida women.

Materials and methods: a total of 90 women were enrolled and divided into 3 groups. Group 1: Healthy non-pregnant women (n=30), Group 2: Normotensive primi-gravida women (n=30) and Group 3: Pre-eclamptic primi-gravida women (n=30). Blood samples were analyzed for levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC) and uric acid using appropriate biochemical methods. ANOVA was used for assessing the difference between the groups and statistical significance was fixed at p<0.05.

Results: in the present study, levels of MDA, SOD and uric acid were significantly increased in pregnant compared to non-pregnant women and to a greater extent in pre-eclampsia women compared to normal pregnant women.TAC levels were significantly decreased in pregnant when compared to non-pregnant and much more decreased in pre-eclampsia women compared to normal pregnant women.

Conclusion: high pressures in feto-placental circulation can lead to increased elaboration of oxidative radicals which may cause oxidative damage to placenta and other organs.

Keywords: oxidative stress, pregnancy, pre-eclampsia

Citation

Title: A Comparative Study on Awareness about Immunization in Hindu-Muslim Mothers in a Rural Area, Bankura district, West Bengal

Authors: Dr Samir Kumar Roy, Dr Kusumita Mandal, Dr kamalika Mandal

Paper Index: 01.2015-89167544

Abstract

Universal Immunization Programme aims at completing primary immunization for all infants before they complete one year of age. Preventable infections are major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity in South Asia.

Research question: To assess and compare the awareness about immunization among Hindu and muslim mothers in a rural area.

Setting: Rural health training centres attached to Department of Community Medicine, Bankura Sammilani Medical college and Hospital, Bankura

Study design: Cross-sectional

Participants: Mothers of children aged between 12 and 23 months attending rural training centres.
Methods: Data was collected for period of six months by administering structured and pre tested questionnaire to eligible mothers registered at rural health training centres.

Statistical analysis used: Descriptive statistics using IBM SPSS 20.0

Results: Awareness regarding DPT, HBV, Meseals and additional vaccines, were significantly higher [p<0.001] in Hindu mothers. Awareness regarding the schedule for administering BCG and OPV was highest and HBV lowest among all mothers in both groups. Hindu mothers were more aware in terms day of immunization, next visit and recommending immunization. Anganwadi workers were the main source of information regarding immunization. Higher educational status played significant role in awareness about day of immunization in both areas

Key words: Immunization, Awareness, Hindu and Muslim Mother, HBV, Measles

Citation

Title: A Study of Onychomycoses in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Authors: Prof. Dr. Tejashree A, Dr. Raghavendra, Dr. Deepashree R, Dr. Bewin Oral J

Paper Index: 01.2015-97186178

Abstract

Background: Onychomycoses denotes infection of the nail caused by dermatophyte fungi, Non Dermatophytic moulds or yeast. Onychomycoses affects approximately 5% of population worldwide.

Objective: This study was done to know the etiological agent of onychomycoses.

Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients with clinically suspected onychomycoses considered for treatment were included in the study. Nail scrapings and nail clippings were collected after cleaning with 70% alcohol to remove contaminants. Samples were subjected to KOH for direct microscopic examination and culture was done using Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar with and without antibiotics.

Results: Direct microscopy with KOH, 28(47%) were positive and by culture 25 (42%) were positive. Most common Dermatophyte was Trichopytonrubrum (24%) and among Non Dermatophyte moulds Aspergillus was the most common agent. E. Floccosum was not isolated.

Conclusion: Non Dermatophyte Moulds was most common etiological agent causing onychomycoses. KOH mount was found to be more sensitive than culture and helps in instituting early treatment.

Keywords: Onychomycoses, Dermatophytes, Non Dermatophytic Moulds.

Citation

Title: A Study of Determinants of Maternal Mortality in Distt. Faridkot

Authors: Dr. Nishi Garg, Dr. Seema Grover

Paper Index: 01.2015-79858317

Abstract

Research Question: What is the maternal mortality rate in Faridkot District and what are the determinants of maternal mortality?

Aims & Objectives:

Ø To study the incidence of maternal mortality inDistt. Faridkot.

Ø To find out the determinants of Maternal mortality.

Ø To plan strategies to reduce the number of maternal deaths.

Methods: The present study is a retrospective analysis of the maternal Death Review of district Health Office to find out the MMR & its determinants. This study was carried out in GGS Medical College & Hospital Faridkot . The data was collected from District Health Authorities from a time period of March 2010 to May 2013.

Results: There were total thirty eight maternal deaths which were reported in Maternal Audit in District Hospital during this period. Mean age of Patients was 24.5yrs. Two patients were of teenage pregnancy. There were six deaths (15.8 %) in antenatal period. Out of 38 maternal deaths, Twelve mothers (31.57 %) were from urban area & twenty six women (68.4 %) were from rural background .Seventeen patients (44.74 %) died within 6 hours of delivery in post partum period . 63 % deaths were because of obstetric Causes & 36.5 % were from indirect causes . Indirect Causes were medical Conditions like Lung infection, Cardiac disorders, Deep vein Thrombosis, Blood Dyscrasias& Epilepsy. In eighteen out of Thirtyeight deaths (47.37%) the mothers were anaemic. Haemmorhage and Toxemia of Pregnancy were the main Causes of maternal mortality .

Recommendations: The network system at root level should be strengthened. The medical Causes should be picked up early and treated in time. Institutional deliveries should be encouraged. The ambulance 108 has improved the early transport but still a lot is required to improve the system especially in rural areas to reduce the incidence of maternal mortality.

Citation

Title: Chitosan In Dentistry

Authors: Kentrick Ang Roymond, Dr. Veronica Aruna kumari

Paper Index: 01.2015-69916692

Abstract

To elaborate on the uses of chitosan in various field of dentistry. Along with its properties and mechanism of action.Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1-4)-linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucasamine. Chitosan is a sugar that is obtained from the hard outer skeleton of shellfish, including crab, lobster, and shrimps. It has a number of commercial and possible biomedical uses (1). In medicine, it may be useful in bandages to reduce bleeding and as an antibacterial agent; it can also be used to help deliver drugs through the skin, hemodialysis, cholesterol control, calcium absorption, bilirubin absorption, and hypertension control(2).

Citation

Title: Clinical Evaluation Of Patients Presenting With Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

Authors: Dr Rani Sujatha.M.A, Dr Sridevi Prakash T, Dr Sabeeha Nousheen, Dr Aysha Nazlin

Paper Index: 01.2015-81299491

Abstract

Aim: To study the risk factors and clinical features of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Material & Methods: An observational study was conducted among 50 patients who were diagnosed with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment attending the retina OPD. Evaluation of patients consisted of detailed history pertaining to the risk factors for retinal detachment and ophthalmic examination.

Observation & Results: The most important risk factor for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was blunt trauma-28% followed by lattice degeneration-18%, myopia and cataract surgery-16%. 88% of cases had retinal detachment with macula off. The break was mostly single-46% and horse shoe in type-34%

Conclusion: The results of the study highlighted that blunt ocular trauma is the most important risk factor for development of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Majority of patients showed retinal detachment with macula off. The macula off patients was higher in our study than in studies conducted in developed countries, which could be due to delayed presentation.

Key words: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, risk factors, clinical features,b lunt trauma, macula off, horse shoe tear

Citation

Title: Incidence and Management of Ocular Complications/Manifestations in Leprosy Patients Who Are Attending To a Tertiary Care Hospital

Authors: Dr. R. Sudha, Dr. N. Suneel, Dr. O. Gopala Krishna, Dr. G.Chandrasekhar

Paper Index: 01.2015-27424172

Abstract

A prospective and descriptive study on ocular manifestations of leprosy and its management was conducted at Department of ophthalmology, Narayana Medical College & Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. This study was conducted with 46 leprosy patients with ocular manifestations were analyzed. The ocular manifestations were predominantly (91.66%) seen after treatment. Ocular involvement is bilateral in greater number (79.16%) of cases except in some cases (lagophthalmos, scleritis, episcleritis), where unilateral involvement is more common. Madrosis is the most common adnexal manifestation observed. Lagophthalmos is most common sight threatening adnexal condition. Decreased corneal sensations are observed in (45.83%) nearly half of cases. Exposure keratitis is most common (20.83%) corneal condition. Acute and chronic anterior uveitis are seen equally, which are granulomatous uveitis in all cases. Corneal involvement is seen in 29.16% of patients. Uveal involvement is seen in 20.83% of patients. Majority of the patients had normal fundus. At the time first presentation, most of the cases (62.50%) are having normal vision according to WHO gradings. 70% of various ocular inflammations are responded well to medical treatment. 33.33% of cases came for no follow up .45.83% of cases came for 1 -2 follow ups. Only 20.83% of cases came for 3 -5 follow ups. Treatment response was considered in patients who came for at least 3 follow ups.

Citation

Title: Pleomorphic Lipoma of Conjunctiva - A Rare Case Report

Authors: Dr.Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Kunche, Dr. VVLN Rao, Dr. M.Rama Koteswaram Rao

Paper Index: 01.2015-57994729

Abstract

We present a rare case of pleomorphic lipoma, a bilateral sub conjunctival mass. In 62 years male, clinical futures and biopsy consists with Pleomorphic lipoma. The lesions were excised for symptoms and cosmetic reasons. Histopathology raveled pleomorphic & Floret pattern scattered multinucleated cells which confirmed the diagnosis of Pleomorphic lipoma. We described the surgical technique. Followed the case upto one year, there is no recurrence of the mass.

Keywords: Acquired, palpabral, lipoma

Citation

Title: Synchronous Malignancies-Follicular Variant of Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Cricopharynx – A Case Report

Authors: Dr. Rajani.V, Dr. Sunil Kumar Komanapalli

Paper Index: 01.2015-51176569

Abstract

Patients with head and neck Squamous cell carcinoma are at increased risk for the development of a second primary malignancy (SPM), defined as a second malignancy that presents either simultaneously or after the diagnosis of an index tumor. Here, we report a case of a rare synchronous presentation of follicular variant of Papillary carcinoma (FVPC) of thyroid and Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of cricopharynx. A 35 year old female presented with swelling in front of neck since 8 months. Ultrasonography revealed hypoehoic lesion in both lobes of thyroid and lymph node enlargement. Patient underwent thyroidectomy and modified neck dissection. A diagnosis of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma thyroid was made with metastasis from thyroid in two out of five (2/5) lymph nodes and one lymph node showed Squamous cell carcinoma deposits.SCC was found to be from cricopharynx by endoscopy and postoperative histopathological examination of cricopharynx.

Keywords:synchronous, follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, cricopharynx, squamous cell carcinoma.

Citation

Title: Review on Physical Characteristics of Urine

Authors: Singh J, Dinkar A, Atam V, Misra R, Shukla A

Paper Index: 01.2015-76367143

Abstract

We reported a case of 24 yrs old male clerk referred to our medicine department with complaint of high grade fever for 10 days associated with episodic red urine of 4 days. On the basis of clinical examination and laboratory parameters he was finally diagnosed a case of enteric fever and improved on antibiotic therapy. The cause of episodic red urine was consumption of much beet roots as advised by local practitioner. Patient was counselled for red urine due to beet consumption and not due to disease. He was explained nutrient value of beet root so he can take it without worry. He was discharged on 10th day of admission.

Keywords; Abnormal Urine, Colour, Odor, Turbidity, Specific Gravity

Citation

Title: Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia,: A Review

Authors: Dr Ansar Hussain, Prof Shiekh Aejaz Aziz, Prof. Gul Mohd. Bhat, Prof. AR Lone, Dr. HK Imran Hussain

Paper Index: 01.2015-23593232

Abstract

GTD is still an important reproductive health problem worldwide. The problem is that much information of GTD has come from less developed countries, where proper diagnostic tools and up to date treatment cannot be employed. Maternal age, previous hydatiform mole, race and geographical region have been identified as clear risk factors for GTD. Etiological factors of GTD have long been studied but no definite causes have yet been found.

As per latest ESMO guidelines post molar GTN needs different investigation profile compared with non-molar GTN. There is no consensus on the best chemotherapy regimen for initial management of low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), and first-line regimens vary by geography and institutional preference. Most regimens have not been compared head-to-head, and the level of evidence for efficacy is often limited. Even if there are differences in initial remission rate among the regimens, salvage with alternate regimens is very effective.

Citation

Title: A Study of Arthroscopic Synovial Biopsy in Chronic Synovitis of Knee Joint

Author: Dr. K.Venkateswalu, Dr. G.Raghunandan, Dr. Anand Babu Naik

Paper Index: 01.2015-69977162

Abstract

Background: Synovial inflammatory conditions of knee joint is one of the most common non traumatic disorders of knee joint. Diagnosis of synovial inflammatory conditions by advance methods like Arthroscopic guided selective biopsy and histopathological examination of synovial tissue provides accurate diagnosis without any complications.

Methods: A prospective study was performed on 40 patients at Government General Hospital, Kurnool Medical College , Kurnool for 2 years from 2011 to 2013. The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 50 years.We have used standard Arthroscopic equipment with all the necessary accessory instruments.

Results: Among 40 cases ,25 cases were diagnosed chronic non-specific synovitis,6 cases as Tuberculosis,5 cases of Rheumatoid synovitis,1 is Crystal synovitis, 1 is Pigmented villonodular synovitis,1 is Synovial chondromatosis,1 is Synovial sarcoma. Among 6 cases of TB synovitis 4 cases are associated with arthritis,2 cases with Medial menisceal tear.

Conclusion: Arthroscopic operation is a qualified method of treatment with low morbidity. The rate of intra and postoperative complications are less.Post-operative pain is very less, functional restoration of knee joint movement is quick. However execution of arthroscopic procedure is technically demanding, it requires comprehensive knowledge and vast experience in the field of arthroscopy.

Keywords: Synovitis,arthroscopy,biopsy,villonodular

Citation

Title: Non-Invasive Vs Invasive Procedures for Detection of H. Pylori Infection in Patients with Gastric Symptoms in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia

Authors: Ibrahim M. Abdel Aziz, Shafquat Qamar, Mohamed M. Shaaban, Sanaa Kamal

Paper Index: 01.2015-65926698

Abstract

Objectives: H. pylori is detectable in nearly 100% of adult patients with duodenal ulcer and about 80% of patients with gastric ulcer. An association between H. pylori and gastric cancer is confirmed. In developing countries, where most children become infected by the age of 10, gastric cancer rates are very high. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori is achieved by invasive or non-invasive methods such as upper endoscopy, antral biopsies, H. pylori PCR of antral biopsies, H. pylori ELISA and H. pylori antigen detection in stool through ELISA technique. The aim of the current study is to compare the diagnostic performance of invasive and non- invasive diagnostic methods in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Design & Methods: Patients between with dyspeptic symptoms were enrolled from the Salman Bin Abdel Aziz University Hospital, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia between Oct/2 0 13 and Sept/2014. Patients responded to a questionnaire to investigate possible dyspeptic symptoms and then underwent. Besides the gastric biopsy, established as the gold standard test, the stool ELISA test and H. pylori ELISA serology were also applied.

Results: The diagnostic performance of the HP stool antigen assay was as follows (Table 2):

sensitivity of 94.5%, specificity, 96.2%; positive-predictive value, 93%; negative- predictive value, 94%; and concordance of 90.4%. The diagnostic performance of the H. pylori ELISA assay was also high, with a sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 92%. Combining the HP stool antigen with the ELISA assay raised the sensitivity to 98%, the specificity to 97%, PPV to 96% and NPV to 95%.

Conclusions: The ROC curve showed a good correlation between the compared methods. The standardization of the ELISA test for the detection of H. pylori in stool specimens constitutes a non-invasive diagnostic alternative.

Key words: Helicobacter pylori, serology, stool antigen test, endoscopy

Citation

Title: Ultrasound Study in Patients Having Acute Lower Abdominal Pain and In Torsion

Authors: Aruna R. Pawar, Suhas d. Alone

Paper Index: 01.2015-34423195

Abstract

Objective: For detecting underline ovarian pathology. Ultrasound has been proven to be useful. The main aim of this study was to find out percentage of ovarian torsion in patients suffering from acute lower abdominal pain undergoing ultrasonography and to assess the role of ultrasound in the prediction of ovarian torsion in patients with acute lower abdominal pain related toclinicallysuspected ovarian torsion.

Methods: Patients of acute lower abdominal pain were considered under this study. Total 66 patients suffering from acutc lower abdominal pain had under gone ultrasonographic examinaion. Patients were categorized in two groups according to their age i.e. group A and group B. In group A patients between age group of 12 years to 17 years were taken. In group B patients from age of 18 years and above were taken. According to situation patients were examine transabdominally and transvaginally. In this study 2.5 MHz to 5 MHz convex transducer was used for transabdominal ultrasonography. For transvaginal ultrasonography examination 7.5 MHz transducer was used. All patients were examined in supine position

Results: In this study total 66 cases were clinically suspected for ovarian torsion, out of which 56 cases (84.84%) were diagnosed as ovarian torsion by ultrasonography examination.In the age group of 12-17 years, 13cases (23.21%) and above 18years of age 43 cases (76.78%) were suffering from ovarian torsion. The ovarian torsion found in 46 married cases (82.14%) and in unmarried cases it was found in 10 cases (17.80%).Two cases (3.57%) were reported in pregnant women while 54 cases (96.20%) were reported in non-pregnant cases. In all cases (100%) pain in lower abdomen were reported, but radiating pain to back and loin were reported in 8 cases (14.28%). Vomiting and/0r nausea was found in 36 cases (64.28%) whereas no nausea and vomiting was observed in 20 cases (35.71%).The cyst was found in 52 cases (92.85%) while in 4 cases (7.14%) no cyst was found. Involvement of right side ovary in ovarian torsion was found in 49 cases (87.50%) whereas left ovarian involvement was observed in 7 cases (12%).

Conclusion: From the collective findings of this study and considering its limitations in terms of sample size it is concluded that the definitive diagnosis of ovarian torsion remains challenging. Both clinically and sonographical evaluation of acute lower abdominal pain should be considered for the diagnosis of ovarian torsion.

Keywords: Acute lower abdominal pain ultrasonography,ovarian torsion

Citation

Title: A Rare Case Of Double Jejunal Transection After Blunt Abdominal Trauma

Authors: Dr. Baldev Singh, Dr. Narinderpal Singh, Dr. Gurbachan Singh, Dr. Sudhir Khichy, Dr. Sanyam Nandwani

Paper Index: 01.2015-57614927

Abstract

The blunt abdominal trauma have become increasingly common in this era of speed and hurry. The machines now occupied position of master of man rather than man who was the master of machine. The speed , unwanted hurry, shortage of time leads to error of judgement while driving, hence all types of high momentum deceleratio injuries occurs to human body including abdomen. The blunt trauma abdomen poses a formidable challenge to the modern science and particularly surgeon for managing multitude of solid organ ,hollow visceral and other internal injuries.

The complete transection of gut is rare and extreme form of gut injury in blunt trauma of abdomen following usually high momentum deceleratio injuries in vehicular traffic accidents .Blunt trauma abdomen may cause solid organ or hollow visceral injuries. The complete jejunum transection is very rare in blunt trauma abdomen. We report a case of double jejunal transection that occurred when speeding motor bike struck the road divider in a town lane.

Citation

Title: Estrogen Receptor α and β Status in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women with Co-morbidities

Authors: Salini A, Jeyanthi GP

Paper Index: 01.2015-68812118

Abstract

Menopause is accompanied by decline in estrogen levels and a substantial rise in the incidence of hypertension in majority of women. Whether this decline is in accordance with estrogen receptor levels and associated co-morbidities need to be elucidated. Hence estrogen receptor status was assessed among selected hypertensive postmenopausal women with co-morbidities. A total of 12 postmenopausal women were selected and categorised into normotensive postmenopausal women (group-1), hypertensive postmenopausal women (group-2) hypertensive postmenopausal women with diabetes (group-3) and hypertensive postmenopausal women with renal insufficiency (group-4). Levels of estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β were assessed in these groups of postmenopausal women. One way ANOVA was performed using SPSS16.0 statistical software. No significant difference was found in estrogen receptor α levels between the groups. However, estrogen receptor β levels were significantly elevated in hypertensive postmenopausal women with renal insufficiency (group-4). The expression of these receptors might depend on the availability of estradiol. ERβ levels were found to increase with co-morbid conditions.

Keywords: Estradiol, estrogen receptor, hypertension, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, postmenopause

Citation

Title: Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infection (TTI) among Healthy Blood Donor and Their Distribution within Blood Groups-A Study from Kolkata

Authors: Dr Kusumita Mandal, Dr Samir Kumar Roy, Dr Kamalika Mandal

Paper Index: 01.2015-74691331

Abstract

Introduction: Blood transfusion is an integral and life saving procedure of modern medicine, but simultaneously it carries the risk of transmitting the life- threatening transfusion-transmissible infectious agents such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), syphilis and malaria. Thus ensuring the safety of blood is a major concern in transfusion therapy although the improved screening and testing of blood donors has significantly reduced transfusion-transmitted diseases The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTI) in voluntary donors.

Materials & Methods: A total of 14646 voluntary donors were analysed for the prevalence of TTI over a period of 1 year. HBV, HCV and HIV were tested by ELISA methods malaria also screened with rapid card test with pinciple of immunochrmatography. syphilis was screened with the principle of rapid plasma reagin test

Results: Prevalence of TTI in total donors was 3.56 % as whole, whereas in Rh negative donors it is only 1 %. Prevalence of Hepatitis B was highest (1.38) followed by Hepatitis-C (1.31), HIV (0.4), VDRL (0.32) and malaria (0.12). Distribution pattern of TTI fallows identically with the blood group distribution in Rh positive population but does not fallow in Rh negative blood group population.

Conclusion: TTI remains a important problem in blood transfusion. Proper protocol should be applied in selecting and screening donors to safeguard the health of people receiving blood transfusions.

Keywords: Transfusion transmitted infections Blood donors, Human immunodeficiency virus, Hepatitis-B,Hpatitis-C,VDRL

Citation

Title: The Mixed Epethelial Stromal Tumor In Medullary Sponge Kidney - A Rare Case Report

Authors: Dr Patel Bhavin, Dr Bapat Milind, Dr Kumar Santosh, Dr Kashyapi B

Paper Index: 01.2015-64425857

Abstract

Mixed epithelial stromal tumor is rare distinctive kidney tumor which has been described over past few years. It is new entity included in WHO 2004 renal tumor classification. Mixed epithelial stromal tumor occurring in medullary sponge kidney is very rare and to best of our knowledge, it is first case in Indian literature. We report a case of 43 year old female who presented with left renal mass and loin pain.

Keywords -- Mixed epithelial stromal tumor, medullary sponge kidney.

Citation

Title: Clinical Utility of 10% Dextrose Solution as Analgesic after DPT Vaccination and it Comparison with Direct Breastfeeding

Authors: Yogesh Yadav, Kavita Yadav, Mahesh Chand Meena, Mehesh Kumar Goyal

Paper Index: 01.2015-96615267

Abstract

Objective: To compare analgesic effect of 10% dextrose solution with direct breast feeding, and placebo after DPT vaccination to 6week- 3month old infants.

Participants and study Design: Infants coming for their DPT vaccination were randomized in to three groups of 50 each in a randomized, placebo controlled trial.

Outcome Measures: The primary outcome variable was the duration of cry after vaccination. Secondary outcome variables were Modified Facial Coding Score (MFCS) and latency of onset of cry.

Results: 150 babies were equally in enrolled in breast feed group,10% dextrose fed group and distilled water fed group. Median duration of cry was significantly lower in direct breastfed 35.5(17-54)seconds and 10%dextrose fed babies52.5(31-67.5)seconds as compared to babies given distilled water 81.5(33.5-119.5) seconds (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Direct breasting and 10% dextrose act as analgesic in young infants undergoing DPT vaccination in young infants less than 3 months of age.

Keywords: 10% dextrose, Breasting, Duration of cry, DPT vaccination, Management,

Citation

Title: Locking Intramedullary Nailing For Distal Femoral Fractures

Author: Dr Raghunandan G.

Paper Index: 01.2015-17745887

Abstract

The study is aimed at studying the fracture patterns, mechanism of injury, union rates and functional results of supracondylar fractures of femur treated with retrograde intramedullary G.S.H.(GREEN SELIGSON AND HENRY) interlocking nail. In present study, 31 patients of supracondylar fractures of femur surgically managed by with retrograde intramedullary G.S.H. interlocking nail, between August 2012 to September 2014 in government general hospital Kurnool were included. The average age of the patient is 39.7 years, road traffic accidents being the most common mode of accident with 90.3%.Closed fractures were commonest with 90.3%,comminuted fractures were seen in 74.1%,AO type A were commonest with 70.96%. The outcome assessment showed that in 77.4% patients union was achieved in 22-24, knee stiffness was seen in 70.9%, delayed union in 9.7%, non union in 6.4% and infection in 19.3%. By analyzing the present study data, we feel that retrograde intramedullary G.S.H. interlocking nail appears to be the implant of choice in the management of supracondylar fractures of femur.

Keywords: femur, supracondylar fracture, G.S.H. interlocking nail¹.

Citation

Title: Determination of Serum Electrolyte Levels in Pregnant Women Observed With Preeclampsia During Pregnancy

Authors: Onochie Anthony, Ekwunoh Peter, Nwabufoh Onyeka, Ozuah Aloysius, Mamah Virginus

Paper Index: 01.2015-94793759

Abstract

Aim: To study the preeclampsia levels in pregnant women

Setting and Design: The cross sectional non randomized study.

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 pregnant women were recruited into the study. These were drawn from pregnant women attending their routine antenatal clinic at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, South East Nigeria. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for the following electrolyte parameters: Sodium, Potassium, Chloride and Bicarbonate using standard biochemical techniques for the laboratory investigations.

Results: It was observed that bicarbonate and potassium had a significant correlation with sodium at P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively. There was also a significant correlation between potassium and bicarbonate at P<0.01. Sodium exhibited a significant correlation with chloride at P<0.01. Potassium showed a significant relationship with only the preeclamptic subjects’ age ranges 41-45 only. Therefore, it will be of immense importance to conduct routine electrolyte check for expectant mothers especially during their third pre-trimester in order to avoid a situations where medical fit could arise either pre or post period of giving birth to new born babies.

Key words: Biochemical, Neonates, Preeclampsia, Serum electrolytes ,Stillbirth, obsteritics

Citation

Title: Analysis of Residual Level of Organochlorine Pesticide in Some Food Items in Anambra State

Authors: Onochie Anthony, Nwabufoh Onyeka, Ekwunoh Peter, Mamah Virginus, Ozuah Aloysius

Paper Index: 01.2015-23941638

Abstract

Organochlorine pesticide residueswere measured in guinea corn, maize, beans, bambara groundnut and millet. These cereals were bought from 5 markets in different locations of Anambra state, Nigeria .40g of each of the powdered cereals was used for the extraction process by the method of Carlo, et al.,(2009), while the products of extraction was analyzed using gas chromatography. The mean of the overall pesticides in μg/kg( with standard deviation) in the food samples were: Maize 0.0377 ( ±0.0041), Beans0.0359(± 0.0047), Bambara groundnut 0.0360 (±0.0039), Guinea corn0.0352(±0.0046), Millet0.0052(±0.0068). Our results revealed that foods from Onitsha generally showed the highest pesticide level. Among all the pesticides, aldrin was found to exhibit the highest concentration of the pesticides in the foods. It was observed that cereals from Anambra State were exposed to some levels of contamination of Organochlorine pesticides, although these levels may not be a serious health challenge to the public, hence there is need for a concerted effort towards continuous monitoring of these pesticide residues in our foods and environment. However, this research has opened avenues for other researchers in Anambra State and beyond to discover other frontiers towards the preservation of foods.

Keywords: Cereals, Gas chromatography, Organochlorine pesticides, Regulatory agency, Residual levels.

Citation

Title: Is Surgical Exposure of Scapula Through Direct Lateral Approach Preferable ?

Authors: Dr. Dibakar Ray, Dr. Ashoke Kumar Chanda, Dr. Somnath Trikey, Dr. Asik Iqbal, Dr. Writtik Porel, Dr. P.K. Mandal

Paper Index: 01.2015-32259189

Abstract

Fractures of the scapula are very uncommon (account for 3% to 5% of all fractures about the shoulder) and most Of the scapula fractures do well with conservative treatment ^[1]. Operative treatment of scapula fractures is indicated for significantly displaced fractures or intra-articular fractures. There are several surgical approaches for exposure of scapula. In this article we are discussing about direct lateral approach and its advantages and disadvantages. This approach ensures adequate exposure of scapula for internal fixation. It causes minimal trauma to soft tissue. It ensures protection of the major neurologic structures i.e. suprascapular nerve superior lyandaxillary nerve laterally .This approach has minimum chance injury to axillary artery as there is no subperiosteal dissection of deltoid.

The main advantage of the exposure is minimum soft tissue dissection, which can potentially improve rehabilitation and limit morbidity of the operation.

Key Words: scapula, fracture, approach, fixation

Citation

Title: Uterine Myxoid Leiomyosarcoma with Paraneoplastic Syndrome- A Rare Combination

Author: Dr. Shubhadeep Bhattacharjee

Paper Index: 01.2015-68628688

Abstract

Myxoid leiomyosarcoma of uterus is a very rare malignancy with only 36 cases documented worldwide and no cases reported in the Indian subcontinent. The present case is of uterine myxoid leiomyosarcoma with associated pancytopenia that has not been described previously in the south-east asia and only one such case reported in world literature. A 32 year old woman who is a known case of uterine fibromyoma discovered in her previous pregnancy , presented to the opd with heavy bleeding per vagina. On examination, she had a large abdominal mass. Her hemoglobin was 6.3 g/dl and platelet count was 80,000/cu.mm and also developed leucopenia(4500/cu.mm).She had received five units of blood transfusion, but her haemoglobin and platelet counts remained low. Her bone marrow biopsy report came out to be inconclusive. She underwent laparotomy followed by total hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo-ophorectomy, omentectomy and appendicectomy. Histopathology reports showed uterine myxoid leiomyosarcoma (FIGO stage IIIA). Her haematological profile improved considerably following the surgery and recurred with the recurrence of the disease. Hence, this is considered to be a case of pancytopenia due to paraneoplastic syndrome as a result of the myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus.

Keywords: leiomyosarcoma, paraneoplastic syndrome

Citation

Title: Comparison of Optical Coherence Tomography and Ultrasound Biomicroscopy for Detection of Narrow Anterior Chamber Angles

Authors: Dr. Preeti Rawat, Dr.(Prof) U. Srivastava, Dr. Sunil Singhal, Dr. Manushree Gautam, Dr. Sachin Tammannavar

Paper Index: 01.2015-47932569

Abstract

Objective: To assess the accuracy of classification of ANTERIOR CHAMBER ANGLE by using ASOCT, UBM and GONIOSCOPY.

Material And Method: We recruited 12 normal volunteers (24 eyes) and 18 subjects (36 eyes) with narrow angles Subjects with suspected narrow anterior chamber angle with or without elevated IOP. All subjects underwent OCT, UBM, and gonioscopy. AOD 500, TIA 500, TISA 500 were determined on AS OCT and UBM. The discriminative ability of OCT and UBM in identifying narrow angles was compared.

Results: Sixty eyes of 30 subjects were included in the study. Thirty six eyes (60%) were classified on gonioscopy as having narrow angles. Mean values of the angle parameters measured by UBM and OCT were very similar. Repeatability as assessed by the pooled standard deviation of the repeated measures was not significantly different between the two imaging modalities. No significant difference was found between OCT and UBM parameters. The high level of efficiency in discriminating narrow angles is illustrated by the receiver operating characteristic curve of the TISA measured at 500 μm by OCT. The AUC of 0.861 (95% confidence interval, 0.679-1.00) shows that, based on the present sample, this parameter has good discriminative ability.

Conclusion: In this study, we have demonstrated a novel potential application for OCT at 830nm as an imaging modality for large-scale screening for PACG. The quantitative angle parameters as measured by OCT have similar mean values, reproducibility, and sensitivity-specificity profiles when compared with measurements obtained by UBM.

Key Words:- Narrow angles, Gonioscopy, AS-OCT,UBM.

Citation

Title: Does Shape of a Click Stimuli Play a Role in Transient Otoacoustic Emissions???

Authors: Kaushlendra Kumar, Anshul Arora, Jayashree. S. Bhat, Rashmi A. Pai

Paper Index: 01.2015-38293715

Abstract

The discovery of Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) opened a new dimension in audiological assessment. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) have an advantage of being its ease of usage, faster administration, objectivity, non invasive nature and also high sensitivity[2] as compared to other audiological procedures. The present study aimed to compare transient evoked otoacoustic emission response using two different click (rectangular and trapezoid) stimulus shapes.

Materials and Methods: A total of 30 ears were considered for the study. 15 normal hearing individuals (7 males and 8 females) with age ranging from 15-30 years served as Participants for the present study.

Results: The mean difference between the rectangular and trapezoid shape were 3, 3, 3, 1 and 2dB at the 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 KHz respectively. The SNR for rectangular shape was better than trapezoid shape. The paired sample t- test results revealed significant differences in TEOAE amplitude for all the frequency.

Conclusion: It can be inferred that there is significant difference in TEOAE amplitude for all the frequencies between two different stimuli shape. This difference could be attributed to the broader spectrum that is seen in the rectangular shape as comparison with the trapezoid stimulus. Rectangular shape produced better SNR than trapezoid stimulus shape.

Keywords: TEOAEs, Stimulus shape, Signal to Noise ratio.

Citation

Title: Morbidity Status of Children Aged 7 to 13 Years in an Urban Slum

Authors: Sankhe Lalit R, Chhaya Rajguru, Swapnali Kadam

Paper Index: 01.2015-93767573

Abstract

Research Question: What is the morbidity status of children aged 7 to 13 years in an urban slum, a typically underserved group?

Objectives: To study some epidemiological factors like socio-economic status, education of parents, personal hygiene etc. related to the health of the children in the 7 to 13 years age group.

To identify the nature and magnitude of various morbid conditions prevalent among children aged 7 to 13 years in an urban slum and to study their association with epidemiological factors.

Study design: Population based descriptive cross sectional study.

Participants: Children aged from 7 to 13 years of aged in an urban slum

Statistical Analysis: Pearson’s Chi-square Test of significance between proportions was used to evaluate associations.

Results: Diarrhoeal disease Skin disorders, Dental disorder Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and Worm infestation were commonly encountered morbid conditions Our study finding suggest a strong bond of association of parental factors such as fathers and mothers education and socio economic condition poor outcome in children.

Keywords: morbidity, education, socio economic status

Citation

Title: Gnatho Dynamic Teeth Arrangement in Complete Denture Prosthesis

Authors: Khurshid A Mattoo, Amit Sivach, Shailesh Jain

Paper Index: 01.2015-12879522

Abstract

Gnatho dynamic prosthesis introduces the concept of stomatognathic compatibility of a dental prosthesis. The complexity of the mandible and its relation to the maxilla and the entire cranium often create fear and apprehension amongst dental students, especially when they see complex instruments or devices that have been used to record them. This article in effect is an attempt to eliminate the use of complex instruments and present a simple technique that in effect achieves the same desired objectives. The technique is based on recording the condylar guidance using a functional chew in procedure and using the same interocclusal record to program a semi adjustable articulator. Balancing of occlusion is achieved by arranging the teeth against the records that have been functionally modified in the patient's mouth utilizing various mandibular movements.

Keywords- gnathology, occlusion, condylar guidance, complete denture, teeth arrangement

Citation

Title: Immediate Overdenture - A Treatment Option for Bone Preservation

Authors: Khurshid A Mattoo, Lakshya Yadav, Shuja U Rahman

Paper Index: 01.2015-13171631

Abstract

Between very few preventive prosthodontic options, immediate overdenture has not used as frequently as expected and there are few studies indicating their performance. Losing a natural tooth to a convenient treatment plan is one of the major causes for immediate overdenture been scarcely used. With dual advantages the prosthesis offers a delay of edentulous state and/or delay in deterioration of residual alveolar ridges by the amount of time that it will serve in the oral cavity. This article in the form of a clinical case report explores the clinical issues associated with such prosthesis.

Keywords- extraction, template, surgery, prosthodontics, residual alveolar ridge

Citation

Title: An Enchondroma of The Metacarpal – A Challenging Case

Authors: Dr. Rohan Khavte, Dr. Yash Shah, Dr. Srinivas Shintre

Paper Index: 01.2015-26881833

Abstract

Introduction: Enchondroma is one type of benign cartilage tumour that appears inside the bone. These tumours usually begin and grow in childhood, then stop growing but remain throughout adulthood. They are often found in patients between 10 and 20 years of age. Some cases become dormant or burned out.

History: Our case was a 30 yr old female patient who presented with a hard painless swelling over right hand thumb since last five months with restriction of terminal range of motion & pain at carpo-metacarpal joint but no restriction at metacarpo-phalangeal joint.

Treatment: The growth was excised without disturbing articular margins & cavity was filled with cancellous bony strut auto graft derived from iliac crest and this reconstruction was fixed with k-wire.

Result: The patient was followed up at 2-month, 4month, 6 month and 1 year intervals. Currently she shows a good range of motion of both the metacarpo-phalangeal and the interphalangeal joint.

Keywords -Enchondroma, finger tumour, metacarpal

Citation

Title: Avulsion Fracture Of Anterior Superior Iliac Spine With Meralgia Paraesthetica: A Case Report

Authors: Dr. Vinay Kumar Akka, Dr. Mishil S. Parikh, Dr. Sunil H. Shetty

Paper Index: 01.2015-17654643

Abstract

Avulsion fracture of the anterior superior iliac spine is a rare entity which may or may not be associated with meralgia paraesthetica. It is commonly seen in the adolescent age group. Avulsion fractures results due to sudden or repetitive contraction or pull by the muscle or tendon attached to the bone. Treatment is mainly conservative depending on the displacement of the fragment, depending on the displacement surgery may be required. We present a 18 yr old boy with acute post traumatic avulsion fracture of anterior superior iliac spine with meralgia paraesthetica treated conservatively with a pelvic brace.

Key words: Meralgia Paraesthetica, ASIS Avulsion Fracture, Conservative Management

Citation

Title: Erlotinib Induced Vasculitis

Authors: Dr Ansar Hussain Hakeem, Prof . Shiekh Aejaz Aziz, Prof AR lone, Prof. Gull Mohd. Bhat, Dr. Burhan Wani, Dr. HK. Imran Hussain

Paper Index: 01.2015-85854737

Citation

Title: Perinatal Mortality Rate (PMR) in Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital (DNMCH), Bangladesh.

Authors: Dr. Most. Sufia Begum, Dr. Ummul Nusrat Zahan, Dr. Sabiha Sultana, Prof.Dr. Syeda Akhter Jahan

Paper Index: 01.2015-63123211

Abstract

Introduction: Perinatal mortality is a measure of the combined fetal and early neonatal mortality. The perinatal period covers the period leading up to birth and the first week of life; deaths occurring in this period are largely due to obstetric causes. More than 3.3 million stillbirths and over 3 million early neonatal deaths are estimated to take place every year. In the year 2000, over 6.3 million perinatal deaths occurred worldwide: almost all of them (98%) occurred in developing countries and 27% in the least developed countries. Perinatal mortality rates vary widely and may be below ten for certain developed countries and more than ten times higher in developing countries. Globally perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) is 52 per thousand live births, whereas in Bangladesh PNMR is 80.

Aims and objective: To find out the incidence of PMR in admitted cases. To sort out the cause of perinatal death. To reduce the PMR

Study design: Prospective, cross sectional study. Study setting: In the department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Dhaka National Medical College Hospital (DNMCH). Participants: All perinatal deaths happened in DNMCH during the study period.

Methods: simple statistical method.

Results: Perinatla mortality is 21.54%, total number of births 2507, total number of still birth 31, total number of early neonatal death 23 and total perinatal death 54. Main factor behind the perinatal mortality rate were evaluated. One of the main factor was inadequate ANC, there is no birth plan during ANC, no linkage of ANC with emergency Obstertric Care (EOC) services.

Conclusion: Present study found many factors responsible for higher perinatal mortality rate which are preventable. Lack of ANC and delay in taking decision is the most important factor identified which can be addressed by increasing awareness among public and health care provider at primary and secondary level.

Citation

Title: Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf and Seed Extracts of Moringa Oleifera on Some Bacteria Isolates

Authors: Mbata Christian A, Adegoke O. Adebayo, Nwagu Chinyere, Dimkpa Cecilia

Paper Index: 01.2015-93341226

Abstract

This study focused on the antimicrobial activity of alcohol (ethanol) and aqueous extracts of Moringa olifera seed and leaf on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of the seed and leaf at concentration of 10g/100ml and the diluted ethanol and aqueous extracts at concentration of 0.1g/ml, 0.2g/ml, 0.4g/ml, 0.6g/ml and 0.8g/ml were impregnated into sterilized filter paper discs. Also, ethanol alone was impregnated into sterilized filter paper discs and use as control. Agar disc diffusion method was adopted to obtain zones of inhibition. The zones of inhibition obtained for ethanol extract of Moringa olifera seed for Staphylococcus aureus was 12mm, Escherichia coli was 13mm and Pseudomonas aerucginora was 10mm. The ethanol extract of Moringa olifera leaf gave an inhibitory zone of 11mm for Staphylococcus aureus, 10mm for Escherichia coli, 9mm for Pseudomonas aeniginosa .Different degrees of inhibition was observed for the diluted ethanol extracts of Moringa olifera seed. The diluted ethanol extracts of Moringa olifera leaf were resistant to the test organisms at concentration of 0.1g/ml, 0.6g/ml but was sensitive at concentration 0.8g/ml. The aqueous and diluted aqueous extracts of Moringa olifera seed and leaf were resistant to the test organisms. The zones of inhibition obtained for ethanol alone on the test organisms ranged between 8mm – 10mm. The degree of zone of inhibition differs, however the ethanol extracts exhibited the highest inhibitory effect than the aqueous extracts. This study revealed that Moringa olifera seed and leaf extracts are potential antimicrobial agents.

Keyword: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, microorganism, antiboitic.

Citation

Title: Comparative Analysis of Microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) for the Laboratory Diagnosis of Malaria among Pregnant Women Attending Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital, Port Harcourt

Authors: Mbata Christian A, Nwagu Chinyere*, Adegoke O.Adebayo

Paper Index: 01.2015-14267127

Abstract

Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) for the laboratory diagnosis of Malaria was compared with Microscopy (Gold Standard/ Reference Method) using 120 pregnant women aged 22-39 attending Braithwaite Memorial Specialist hospital, Port Harcourt. The prevalence of malaria among the subjects was 63>33%. Slide positivity was 76(63.33%) while RDT positivity was 44(36.67%). Rapid Diagnostic Test method in detection of Plasmodium falciparum as compared to microscopy gave results of 48.9% sensitivity, 100% specificity, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 39.5%. Accuracy was 0.6 and J index (Reliability) 0.5. A Chi square value of 17.07 (95% confidence interval) was obtained which showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the two test methods. Although the use of Rapid Diagnostic tests is rapid, convenient, less demanding and recommended for use in malaria endemic areas, microscopy remains the Gold standard for laboratory diagnosis of malaria.

Keywords: Rapid Diagnostic Test, Malaria, plasmodium falciparum

Citation

Title: Patient Perspectives and Symptom Differences in Acute Coronary Syndromes

Authors: Varghese George, Sethu Babu, Kiron V, Iyengar S S

Paper Index: 01.2015-26337771

Abstract

Ischemic chest pain is considered to be the hallmark of acute coronary syndromes (ACS).The character , location and duration of chest pain can be markedly different in different types of ACS. Patients with ACS canhave other symptoms like dyspnea ,diaphoresis , nausea , vomiting and palpitations .ST elevation Myocardial infarction( STEMI )is more likely to have prolonged chest pain and Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction is more associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. It was the purpose of our study to identify the differences in symptoms between the types of ST elevation myocardial infarction as well as between STEMI and Unstable Angina / Non ST Elevation Myocarddial infarction ( UA/NSTEMI ). A total of 209 patients with acute coronary syndromes were evaluated (NSTEMI – 102; STEMI – 107). It was found that only less than seventy percent of patients experienced a chest pain during a myocardial infarction. Certain chest pain characteristics were associated with the likelihood of ST elevation MI (viz squeezing, stabbing, pain lasting for > 30 minutes). Patients with STEMI and NSTEMI showed significant differences regarding several presenting symptoms like giddiness, palpitations and fatigue.

Citation

Title: Rescue Intubation Using a Light Wand (Trachlight) In a Case of Failed Fiberoptic Intubation in a Patient with Bleeding Oral Hemangioma

Authors: Dr Alok Kumar Sahoo, Dr Nibedita Pani

Paper Index: 01.2015-84392688

Abstract

Hemangiomas of tongue are rare congenital disease associated with difficult airway and present some hazardous complication like bleeding causing airway emergency. Here we present a case report of Successful airway management in a patient having bleeding hemangioma of tongue with light wand after a failed fiberoptic intubation attempt.

Key Words- hemangioma tongue, fiberoptic, light wand

Citation

Title: Management of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis using Hyperosmolar Dextrose Injection

Authors: Ansarul Haq Lone, Omar Khursheed, Shakir Rashid, Bashir Ahmad Mir, Nazeefa

Paper Index: 01.2015-83224253

Abstract

Plantar fasciitis is most common cause of heel pain. More than 90% of patients are managed by conservative treatment. Chronic recalcitrant cases of plantar fasciitis not responding to other treatment modalities can be managed by Hyperosmolar dextrose injections with no or minimal complications. Hyperosmolar dextrose injection has been shown to increase Beta-1 platelet derived growth factor expression and upregulation of multiple mitogenic factors that may act as signaling mechanisms in tissue repair. We recommend Hyperosmolar dextrose solution for the management of chronic plantar fasciitis in place of local corticosteroid injection, so as to avoid the complications like rupture of plantar fascia and fat pad atrophy which are associated with local corticosteroid injections.

Keywords: Plantar Fasciitis, Hyperosmolar dextrose solution, Heel pain

Citation

Title: Intraoperative Hypotension: A Surgeon’s Nightmare

Authors: Dr. Ketan Vagholkar, Dr. Madhavan Iyengar, Dr. Rahulkumar Chavan

Paper Index: 01.2015-67416924

Citation

Title: Incontinentia Pigmenti with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report

Authors: Anand Bhattar, Keya Lahiri, Rajesh Rai, Pallavi Gahlowt

Paper Index: 01.2015-12916163

Abstract

Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP) or Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome is an uncommon X-linked dominant disorder that affects mostly females and is usually lethal in males. It is associated with skin (100%), dental (90%), skeletal (40%), central nervous system (40%), and ocular (35%) abnormalities. We report a florid case of a 9-year-old female who presented with convulsion and inflammatory vesicular skin lesion soon after birth which evolved into hyper-pigmented lesions along the lines of Blaschko over trunk, upper and lower extremities. Her teeth were peg-shaped and the skeletal examination confirmed scoliosis and hypoplastic mandible. She had quadriplegic spastic cerebral palsy, microcephaly with global developmental delay and mental retardation. Ocular examination revealed hypertelorism with micro-ophthalmia of left eye. She also had avascularity of left peripheral retina. On further investigation, MRI revealed gliotic areas in frontal and parietal region suggestive of microvascular vaso-occlusive insult. Histopathology of skin demonstrated pigment incontinence in upper dermis consistent with the diagnosis. Our patient had sporadic mutation as mother and sibling were normal. We report this case because of its rarity.

Key Words: Genodermatoses, Incontinentia Pigmenti, Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome, Lines of Blaschko

Citation

Title: Alteration of Gene Expression Due to Arsenic Induced Oxidative Stress Leading to Ovarian Cancer

Authors: Akhileshwari Nath, Aseem Kumar Anshu, Priyanka, Simran Kriti, Shailendra Kumar, Rittika Pandey, J.K Singh, Richa Chauhan, Manisha Singh

Paper Index: 01.2015-49395544

Abstract

Epidemiological studies and preventive measures for cancer have engaged most of the scientists and doctors for several decades and the research has come forth a long way now. Several heavy metals like arsenic have been linked with different types of cancer, one of which is ovarian cancer (Oca). Higher mortality rate of Oca signifies the gravity of the case. Moreover, arsenic is also believed to invoke generation of free radical and the consequences are even exacerbated. Early diagnosis of Oca is presently quite feeble and CA-125 alone seems to be insufficient and capricious. However, CA-125 along with other diagnostic parameter satisfies most of the pathologists and clinicians. For determination of oxidative stress, Malondialdehyde (MDA) was chosen as the marker and arsenic estimation was performed with the help of Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). RBC count, Heamoglobin, SGPT, SGOT and Alkaline phosphatase levels were performed according to standard protocol. Higher level of arsenic increases MDA level, decreases CA-125 level, decreases RBC and Haemoglobin level and increases SGPT, SGOT, ALP levels and vice versa for no arsenic in the Oca patients with significance <0.0001, <0.001, <0.005, <0.020, <0.001, >0.05, and <0.002 respectively. Concludingly, arsenic is one of the major causative agents for oxidative stress and hence leading to cancer including Oca. CA-125 was estimated to be very higher in Oca patients than normal ones and RBC count, Heamoglobin, SGPT, SGOT, ALP levels also seemed to be varied from normal.

Keywords-Arsenic, MDA, CA-125, RBC, WBC.

Citation

Title: Survival Analysis of 250 Gallbladder Cancer Patients: A Prospective Study Over a 2 Year of Period

Authors: Pandey Punam, Singh K.K., Pandey M., Shukla V.K

Paper Index: 01.2015-55626777

Abstract

Background and aims:The cancer of the Gallbladder are the tumors with a poor prognosis and a lower quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival rate in Cancer of the gallbladder patients.

Method: We prospectively enrolled 250 patients diagnosed with the cancer of the gallbladder in the cancer units of university hospital Varanasi, UP, each patient was reviewed, over a 9-month or till death with in the period of (2011-2013).

Results: The mean age of the patients was 53 ± 10 years: 22.4% were male and 77.6% of the patients were female. Total number of patients in study were 250 at nine month only 23 patient was alive. The univariate analysis showed Age of the patients, tumor cell differentiation, Grade, preoperative lymph node metastasis, response of the patients and the surgical approach significantly correlated with median survival time, the prognosis of the patients was found to be negatively significant (p <0.05). The results of the multivariate analysis (Cox regression) showed age, grade and the surgical approach, lymphnode involvement, patients response were independent predicators with relative risks of .74, .52, .47, and .66, respectively found to be significant (p=0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.00).

Conclusion: The highest 9 month survival rate was 9.2%. Slightly longer survival was recorded when surgery and chemotherapy was added as treatment surgery improved the QOL faster than other treatment. Age, grade and the surgical approach, lymphnode involvement, patients response were independent predicators of patient’s survival respectively found to be significant.

Key words: – survival – quality of life- adjuvant chemotherapy – curative surgery –prognosis- resectable

Citation

Title: Pterygium Excision and Conjunctival Autograft – A Study

Authors: Dr. M. Premanandam, Dr. A. Geetha, Dr. Himabindu

Paper Index: 01.2015-77629342

Abstract

From July 2011 to December 2013, we have treated 50 patients presenting with pterygium in 54 eyes at Regional Eye Hospital, Kurnool. 48 patients were presented with primary pterygium & 6 had recurrent presentation. Most common complaint was burning sensation, pain and watering in affected eye. The patients were managed based on standardized evaluation and surgical protocol. The main stay of treatment for pterygium is surgical excision and most common complication is recurrence. In the present study we have addressed the problem with conjunctival autograft after excision in all cases. All the patients in the present study showed significant visual improvement and reduction in pterygium induced astigmatism. We had no complications in present series. The results are presented, analyzed and discussed.

Citation

Title: HIV Serosurveillance Profile In Men Sex Men: Targeted Intervention Group

Authors: N.Premanadham. Maria Sindhura John

Paper Index: 01.2015-75679324

Abstract

Background: HIV is the plague of the running century.It has changed the fate of our society. Emergence of HIV threatened the economical, developmental, social welfare and public health progress not only in India but also all over the world. serosurveillance studies play a major role in success of health care programmes.

Objective: the present was undertaken to study the serosurveillance profile in MSM targeted intervention group in AP.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted over a period of 12 months from April 2004 to April 2005. Serum samples are received from the voluntary organizations SAATI,vijayawada which is working for the welfare of MSM groups. Age, location, migration, literacy of the seropositive patients was considered.

Results: During this period consecutive non repetitive 250 serum samples received from MSM clients were tested for the serosurveillance of HIV by HIV TRIDOT KIT manufactured by J.Mitra & Co.,Ltd. Among them HIV test by TRIDOT was positive in 33(13.2%) samples.samples of age group 20-29 yrs showed highest positive percentage (15.2%) and lowest positive percentage below 20yrs age group showed (6.6%).

Conclusion: our study findings are contrary to the belief. Therefore it is recommended that large sample based studies may be taken up in which may throw better light on the seroprevalance and clinical presentation of HIV among MSM.

Key words: HIV, Serosurveillance, MSM, Intervention

Citation

Title: A Comparative Study of Conjunctival Autograft Versus Conjunctival Auto Rotation Flap Techniques Following Pterygium Excision

Authors: Tanushree V, N. Manjula Devi, H.T.Venkategowda, Tejashree T Chavan

Paper Index: 01.2015-83797967

Abstract

Background:To compare between free conjunctival autograft and conjunctival autorotation flap technique following simple surgical excision of pterygium.

Methods: Fifty patients with pterygium attending the outpatient and in-patient department, Department of Ophthalmology, K.R. Hospital, Mysore, fulfilling the inclusion criteria framed were included under the study, between the period from June 2013 to June 2014 (1 year). Informed and written consent was taken from all the patients. After detailed history, all necessary ocular and systemic examination was done. After simple pterygium excision, 25 patients received conjunctival autograft and another 25 cases received a conjunctival autorotation flap technique. All cases were followed-up for 3 months after surgery for recurrence and complications.

Results: Surgical time was less in conjunctival autorotation flap technique with significant statistical difference (p<0.001).Recurrence was seen in 2 (8%) and 3 (12%) cases in conjunctival autograft and autorotation flap groups respectively. Post operative complications was seen in 3 (12%) cases in both conjunctival autograft and conjunctival autorotation flap groups. No significant statistical difference was seen in recurrence and postoperative complications between the two groups.

Conclusion: Conjunctival transplants either a free conjunctival autografting or conjunctival autorotation flap technique is an effective surgical procedure in reducing the recurrences following simple pterygium excision.

Key words:Conjunctival autograft, Conjunctival autorotation flap, Pterygium excision, Recurrence.

Citation

Title: Mesh Migration Causing Strangulated Intestinal Obstruction After Umbilical Hernia Repair

Authors: Dr. Abhijit Bagul, Dr. Mahendra Bendre

Paper Index: 01.2015-49749122

Abstract

Mesh migration following hernia repair is an uncommon complication, leading to erosion, infection, fistula or obstruction. Migration can occur because of primary factors like inadequate fixation or can be secondary due to erosion. Very few cases have been reported of mesh migration causing intestinal obstruction after umbilical hernia repair and ours is perhaps only the second such case resulting in strangulated bowel obstruction .Use of prosthetic materials like prolene is more liable to develop in such complications and a composit or a biocompatible mesh is less liable to develop such complications.

Key Words: Umbilical, hernia, mesh, migration, intestinal obstruction

Citation

Title: Efficacy of Intranasal Steroid Spray in the Treatment of Post Adenoidectomy Recurrence

Authors: Dr. B.V. Chandre Gowda, Dr. Smitha. S.G, Dr. Amrita Suzanne Mathew

Paper Index: 01.2015-75144263

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of intranasal steroid in the treatment of recurrent subjective and objective upper airway obstruction secondary to adenoid hypertrophy following adenoidectomy

Materials and methods: 60 children aged 5-12 years, diagnosed with nasopharyngeal obstruction secondary to recurrent adenoid hypertrophy (symptoms>3months) post-adenoidectomy, confirmed radiographically, were included in a prospective comparative study. Nasal obstructive symptoms and radiographic adenoid size were scored. All patients received intranasal mometasone furoate spray for 12 weeks.Follow up was done at the end of 2,12 weeks, 6,12months. Symptoms were recorded, scored and totalled on all visits. Lateral nasopharynx X-ray was repeated at 12 weeks and 1 year.

Results: 33 males(55%) and 27 females(45%) met the inclusion criteria, with a male: female ratio of 1:1.Mean age of the study patients was 7.85±2.36 years.Mean total symptom score prior to initiation with intranasal steroid therapy and at 2 weeks,12 weeks,6 months and 1 year following initiation of steroid therapy was 7.11,6.73,0.91,0.92 and 0.93 respectively, with a decrease in individual mean snoring, nasal obstruction and rhinorrhoea scores.64.5% of patients showed a mild, statistically insignificant decrease in symptoms at 2weeks.88% showed a statistically significant (p<0.001) decrease in symptoms and radiographic adenoid size at 12weeks,which was sustained over the remainder of the study period. Correlation was seen between symptoms and radiographic adenoid size. No complications were seen following intranasal steroid therapy in any of the patients.

Conclusion: Intranasal steroid spray is safe and effective in the treatment of recurrent nasal obstruction secondary to adenoid hypertrophy following adenoidectomy. Maintenance therapy at low doses can be safely continued over long periods.

Keywords: Adenoidectomy; Adenoids; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Nasal Obstruction; Nasopharynx /radiography

Tab Title 1

Title: A Retrospective Randomized Study of Gastric and Duodenal Perforation in Rajah Muthiah Medical College

Authors: Dr K.Ravichandran, Dr R.Ramesh, Dr K.C.M.Rajkumar

Paper Index: 01.2015-75145896

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Gastric and Duodenal perforation are one of the most common cause of acute abdomen .They are managed by different surgical techniques in emergency procedures and the outcomes are more encouraging to the community.

Aims: To study the various incidence and outcome of findings in cases with Gastric and Duodenal perforation in emergency situations –a Retrospective randomized study.

Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective hospital based study. 56- Gastric and Duodenal perforation patients diagnosed and various incidence in different aspects are categorized and the outcome is studied and analysed.

Results: Factors deciding the outcome of Gastric and Duodenal perforation patients treated were observed and analysed for prospective approach.

Conclusion: smaller Gastric and Duodenal perforations are easily amenable to perforation closure and heals well than large perforations. Duodenal perforations are more benign than malignant.Gastric perforations are more malignant than benign.

Keywords: Duodenal Perforation, Duodenal ulcers, peritonitis, risk factors, Gastric perforation.

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