Title: Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Dr Hidayath Hussain, Dr Sindhu Pericherla, Dr B. Namratha Sai Reddy, Dr Syeda Hafsa Hakeem
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v12i01.09
Abstract
Background
- The Population with malignancy is growing worldwide.
- TB remains most common infectious disease worldwide that leads to high mortality.
- The relationship between TB and cancer is of dual nature. Patients with malignant diseases are at increased risk for diseases caused by mycobacteria. Patients with depressed cellular immunity such as those who have cancer, transplant patients and patients on immunosuppressive therapy are at particular risk.
- The risk of TB in patients with malignancy is due to immunosuppression from the cancer itself or from the chemotherapy.
- The incidence of pulmonary TB has been therefore reportedly increasing in patients with cancer in both pulmonary and non pulmonary cancers.
- The incidence of TB in cancer patients is also increasing annually from 3% to 23 % in 2022.
- Patients with diabetes, HIV, and cancer patients and persons on corticosteroid frequently present with lower zone tuberculosis.
- It affects females more commonly as compared to males and tuberculosis should be looked in females with lower lung field lesions.
- Cough is the most frequent presentation of lower zone TB as compared to upper zone TB.
- In immunocompromised patients, isolated lower lung field were involved in almost 23.3% patients.
References
- http://www.who.int/tdr/research/tb_hiv/en/ accessed on August 02, 2013.
- http://www.moh.gov.sa/en/HealthAwareness/healthDay/1434/Pages/HealthDay-003.aspx accessed on August 04, 2013.
- Wu C.Y., Hu H.Y., Pu C.Y., Huang N., Shen H.C., Li C.P., Chou Y.J. Pulmonary tuberculosis increases the risk of lung cancer: a population-based cohort study. Cancer. 2011;117:618–624. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Horsburgh C.R., Jr., Barry C.E., 3rd, Lange C. Treatment of tuberculosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 2015;373(22):2149–2160. 26. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Saunders B.M., Britton W.J. Life and death in the granuloma: immunopathology of tuberculosis. Immunol. Cell Biol. 2007;85(2):103–111. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Falagas M.E., Kouranos V.D., Athanassa Z., Kopterides P. Tuberculosis and malignancy. Q. J. Med. 2010;103:461–487. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ballaz S., Mulshine J.L. The potential contributions of chronic inflammation to lung carcinogenesis. Clin. Lung Cancer. 2003;5:46–62. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cha S.I., Shin K.M., Lee J.W., Lee S.Y., Kim C.H., Park J.Y., Jung T.H. The clinical course of respiratory tuberculosis in lung cancer patients. Int. J. Tuberc. Pulm. Dis. 2009;13(8):1002–1007. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sakuraba M., Hirama M., Hebisawa A., Sagara Y., Tamura A., Komatsu H. Coexistent Lung carcinoma and active pulmonary tuberculosis in the same lobe. Ann. Thorac. Cardiovasc Surg. 2006;12(1):53–55. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tuberculosis. WHO; 2015. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/ [Google Scholar]
- Segarra F., Sherman D. S., Rodriguez-Aguero J. Lower lung field tuberculosis. The American Review of Respiratory Disease. 1963;87:37–40. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Crofton S. J., Douglas A. Respiratory Disease. 3rd. London, UK: Blackwell; 1981. [Google Scholar]
- National AIDS Control Organization. Antiretroviral Therapy Guidelines for HIV Infected Adults and Adolescents including Post-Exposure. National AIDS Control Organization, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India; 2013. http://www.naco.gov.in/NACO/About_NACO/Policy__Guidelines/Policies__Guidelines1/ [Google Scholar]