Being a mother, both biologically and from inner emotions, is a very special journey and the same passes to a father too but there are many reasons behind not getting success rates in getting fertile still yet to be understood. Here in this paper, we have just gone through the literature survey of infertility and some of the reasons found in both female and male are presented in brief. In some of the cases, even doctors are unable to determine the cause of infertility when the required test results in both the male and female are normal but still, infertility prevails is unable to be explained by the doctors which makes the couple to struggle for a family. The person's mind, health issues, eating habits, the rise of moods and the body response to medicines as well as lifestyles are also to be considered to understand the reason for. People see infertility as a sickness, and so the very idea makes the person get frustrated and many people get disgusted and stop talking of what to do next to get success in their problem (infertility).

Keywords: Infertility, Biological, Fertile.

1. Arendell, T. (2000). Conceiving and investigating motherhood: The decade’s scholarship. Journal of Marriage and Family. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.01192.x
2. Black, K. I., Gupta, S., Rassi, A., & Kubba, A. (2010). Why do women experience untimed pregnancies? A review of contraceptive failure rates. Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2010.02.002
3. Boivin, J., Bunting, L., Collins, J. A., & Nygren, K. G. (2007). International estimates of infertility prevalence and treatment-seeking : potential need and demand for infertility medical care. 22(6), 1506–1512.
4. Brady, P. C., Stanic, A. K., & Styer, A. K. (2013). Uterine fibroids and subfertility : an update on the role of myomectomy. 255–259. https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0b013e3283612188
5. Bui, A. D., Sharma, R., & Henkel, R. (2018). Reactive oxygen species impact on sperm DNA and its role in male infertility. (February), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13012
6. Carmeli, Y. S., & Birenbaum-Carmeli, D. (1994). The predicament of masculinity: Towards understanding the male’s experience of infertility treatments. Sex Roles. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01544669
7. Casini, M. L., Rossi, F., Agostini, R., & Unfer, V. (2006). Effects of the position of fibroids on fertility. 22(February), 106–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590600604673
8. Chandra, A. K., Goswami, H., & Sengupta, P. (2012). Dietary calcium-induced cytological and biochemical changes in the thyroid. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 34(2), 454–465.
9. Chodorow, N. J. (1989). Feminism and psychoanalytic theory. Yale University Press.
10. Endocrinology, R. (2008). Reviews Fibroids and reproductive outcomes : a systematic literature review from conception to delivery. (April), 357–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2007.12.039
11. Estienne, M. J., Harper, A. F., Horsley, B. R., Estienne, C. E., & Knight, J. W. (2001). Effects of PG 600 on the onset of estrus and ovulation rate in gilts treated with Regu-mate. Journal of Animal Science, 79(11), 2757–2761.
12. Fallahi, S., Rostami, A., Shiadeh, M. N., Behniafar, H., & Paktinat, S. (2017). ScienceDirect An updated literature review on maternal-fetal and reproductive disorders of Toxoplasma gondii infection. Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogoh.2017.12.003
13. Fan, W., Xu, Y., Liu, Y., Zhang, Z., Lu, L., & Ding, Z. (2018). Obesity or Overweight, a Chronic Inflammatory Status in Male Reproductive System, Leads to Mice and Human Subfertility. 8(January), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.01117
14. Ferreira, M., Vicente, S., Duarte, J., & Chaves, C. (2015). Quality of Life of Women with Infertility. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 165, 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.600
15. Fisch, B., Kraicer, R. K., Amit, S., Zukerman, Z., Ovadia, J., & Tadir, Y. (1990). The relationship between sperm parameters and fertilizing capacity in vitro: a predictive role for swim-up migration. Journal of In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer, 7(1), 38–44.
16. Garey, A. I., & Arendell, T. (2001). Children, Work, and Family. Working Families: The Transformation of the American Home, 293.
17. Glenn, E. N., Chang, G., & Forcey, L. R. (2016). Mothering: Ideology, experience, and agency. Routledge.
18. Ikhena, D. E., & Bulun, S. E. (2017). Literature Review on the Role of Uterine Fibroids in Endometrial Function. https://doi.org/10.1177/1933719117725827
19. Josselson, R. (1998). Revising herself: The story of women’s identity from college to midlife. Oxford University Press.
20. Kauffold, J., Beckjunker, J., Kanora, A., & Zaremba, W. (2007). Synchronization of estrus and ovulation in sows not conceiving in a scheduled fixed-time insemination program. Animal Reproduction Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.01.004
21. Koutsotheodoros, F., Hughes, P. E., Parr, R. A., Dunshea, F. R., Fry, R. C., & Tilton, J. E. (1998). The effects of post-weaning progestagen treatment (Regumate) of early-weaned primiparous sows on subsequent reproductive performance. Animal Reproduction Science, 52(1), 71–79.
22. Kumar, N., Choudhari, A. R., & Singh, A. K. (2015). Prevalence of Male Factor Infertility in Last Ten Years at a Rural Tertiary Care Centre of Central India : A Retrospective Analysis. 2(3), 132–136. https://doi.org/10.5958/2394-2754.2015.00002.8
23. Kumar, N., & Singh, A. (2016). Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: A review of the literature. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 8(4), 191. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-1208.170370
24. Lin, Y.-S., Caffrey, J. L., Chang, M.-H., Dowling, N., & Lin, J.-W. (2010). Cigarette smoking, cadmium exposure, and zinc intake on obstructive lung disorder. Respiratory Research, 11(1), 53.
25. Macro, O., Organization, W. H., DHS, S., & reports, C. (2004). Infecundity, infertility, and childlessness in developing countries. Surveys (DHS) Comparative Reports. Retrieved from https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=World+Health+Organization.+Infecundity%2C+Infertility%2C+and+Childlessness+in+Developing+Countries.+DHS+Comparative+Reports+No+9.+Calverton%2C+Maryland%2C+USA%3A+ORC+Macro+and+the+World+Health+Organi
26. McMahon, M. (1995). Engendering mother-hood: Identity and self-transformation in women’s lives. Guilford Press.
27. Morton, H., Rolfe, B., Clunie, G. A., Anderson, M., & Morrison, J. (1977). AN EARLY PREGNANCY FACTOR DETECTED IN HUMAN SERUM BY THE ROSETTE INHIBITION TEST. The Lancet, 309(8008), 394–397. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(77)92605-8
28. Nordberg, G. F., Fowler, B. A., & Nordberg, M. (2014). Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals. Academic Press.
29. Pradesh, A. (1998). The study.
30. Queiroz, E. K. R. de, & Waissmann, W. (2006). Occupational exposure and effects on the male reproductive system. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 22(3), 485–493.
31. Romain, F., Achard, V., Geoffroy-siraudin, C., & Dieudonne, A. (2012). Decline of semen quality among 10 932 males consulting for couple infertility over a 20-year period in Marseille , France. (September 2011), 584–590. https://doi.org/10.1038/aja.2011.173
32. Roupa, Z., Polikandrioti, M., Sotiropoulou, P., Faros, E., Koulouri, A., Wozniak, G., & Gourni, M. (2009). CAUSES OF INFERTILITY IN WOMEN AT REPRODUCTIVE AGE. 2, 80–87.
33. Ruddick, S. (1994). Thinking mothers/conceiving birth. Yale University Press.
34. Sengupta, P. (2013). nvironmental and occupational exposure of metals and their role in male reproductive functions. 36(June 2012), 353–368. https://doi.org/10.3109/01480545.2012.710631
35. Sereno, S., Leal, I., & Maroco, J. (2009). Construção e validação de um questionário de valores e crenças sobre sexualidade, maternidade e aborto. Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças, 10(2), 193–204.
36. Shokeir, T., Abdelshaheed, M., El-shafie, M., Sherif, L., & Badawy, A. (2011). European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology Determinants of fertility and reproductive success after hysteroscopic septoplasty for women with unexplained primary infertility : a prospective analysis of 88 cases. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 155(1), 54–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.11.015
37. Sinclair, S. (2000). Male infertility: nutritional and environmental considerations. Alternative Medicine Review: A Journal of Clinical Therapeutic, 5(1), 28–38.
38. Society, M. M. (1995). , m.d., p. 332(5).
39. Somigliana, E., Vercellini, P., Daguati, R., Pasin, R., Giorgi, O. De, & Crosignani, P. G. (2007). Fibroids and female reproduction : a critical analysis of the evidence. 13(5), 465–476.
40. Stephen, E. H., & Chandra, A. (1998). Updated projections of infertility in the United States: 1995–2025. Fertility and Sterility, 70(1), 30–34.
41. Stevenson, J. S., & Davis, D. L. (1982). Estrous synchronization and fertility in gilts after 14-or 18-day feeding of altrenogest beginning at estrus or diestrus. Journal of Animal Science, 55(1), 119–123.
42. Swan, S. H., Elkin, E. P., & Fenster, L. (2000). The Question of Declining Sperm Density Revisited : An Analysis of 101 Studies Published 1934 – 1996. 108(10), 961–966.
43. Takeda, K. I., Piva, S., Piva, J. P., Irie, M. M. T., & Consolaro, M. E. L. (2017). Affiliations : Professor Marcia Edilaine Lopes Consolaro, Ph.D. Urology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2017.11.050
44. Van Balen, F. (1996). Child‐rearing following in vitro fertilization. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37(6), 687–693.

B V Rama

Andhra University, India