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Category: Volume 11 Issue 08 August 2023
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Title: The Effect of Vitamin D, B12, and Folic Acid Supplements in Relieving Major Depressive Symptoms, General Anxiety Disorder among Adults and Adolescents - A Systemic Article Review

Authors: Dr Abdeljawad Salim Ayesh Salem, Iyad Awad Yousef Tanash, Shakil Ahmad

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v11i8.13

Abstract

  • Depression and anxiety disordersare a heterogeneous disorders and are thought to develop as a result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental Factors.(1)
  • Vitamin D deficiency is the most common cause of Osteomalacia among adults and adolescents with its associated classical symptoms such as bones pain, muscle weakness which may affect productivity, daily activates, school and work absence and mood.
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency causes complex hematological and neurological signs and symptoms as easy fatigability, lethargy, pallor, ictrous, paresthesia, difficulty of balance or loss of proprioception and neuropsychiatric symptoms may be presented in severe cases.
  • Vitamin B9 deficiency is a rare condition causes complex hematological signs and symptoms as easy fatigability, lethargy, pallor, ictrous, symptoms may be presented in severe cases.

Aim of the study: To review articles studying the relationship between Vitamin D deficiency and/ or vitamin B12 deficiency, and/or B9 deficiency levels and supplements in relieving major depression (MDD) and general anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms.

Methods: Performed between January 2023 and August 2023, the main inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with patients ≥ 12 years old, both sexes, fulfilling target diagnoses of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or mild to severe depressive and anxiety symptoms. In addition, the RCTs were included if the scales to assess the severity of the symptoms were standardized rating scales in psychiatric. Trials that reported diagnoses of schizophrenia, perinatal depression, bipolar depression, sleep disorders, eating disorders, cancer, and multiple sclerosis in association with any of the mentioned diagnoses were excluded.

Discussion: Upon the 19 article (RCTs)studies reviewed and included, 8 articles were studying the significant relationship between vitamin B12 and B9 supplementation alone on the relieving of symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), 3 articles were studying the significant relationship between vitamin B12, vitamin B9, vitamin D supplementation on the relieving of symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and 8 articles were studying the significant relationship between vitamin D supplementation alone on the relieving of symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Result: According to the above mentioned 19 RCTs: included in this review articles the results showed that there is a significant relationship between vitamin D supplements on relieving on some symptoms of  major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), also there is a significant relationship between both vitamin B12 and D supplements on relieving some symptoms  of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) but there is no significant relationship between vitamin B12 and B9 alone.

Keywords: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), General Anxiety Diorder(GAD),Vitamin D ,Vitamin B12, Vitamin B12 and Folic acid.

References

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Corresponding Author

Dr Abdeljawad Salim Ayesh Salem

Consultant Family Medicine, South Wakra Health Center, Department of Primary Healthcare (PHCC), Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), Al wakra city. Qatar