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Category: Volume 09 Issue 04 April 2021
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Title: Efficacy of early IV Immunoglobulin in management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia due to Rh incompatibility and ABO incompatibility: A hospital based study

Authors: Dr Ponung Lego, Dr Anupama Deka

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i4.04

Abstract

Introduction: Blood group incompatibility induced haemolytic jaundice can cause significant morbidity and mortality in the neonates. This present study is to show the usefulness of IVIG in the management of neonatal jaundice.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of early intravenous immunoglobulin in reducing the duration of phototherapy and the need for exchange transfusion in Rh and ABO incompatibility.

Methodology: In this randomised control trial 50 patients diagnosed with haemolytic disease of new-born were grouped into group A and B. All neonates were treated with standard protocol for phototherapy and exchange transfusion. Only group A patients received intravenous immunoglobulin in a dose of 0.5gm/kg of body weight and phototherapy. Exchange transfusion was done to the patients of both groups if the bilirubin reached exchange level in AAP chart.

Result: Improvement in bilirubin level was significant in group A 80 % vs group B 48 % (p-value <0.O5, S). Similarly phototherapy duration was reduced in the group A 76% vs group B 20 % (p<0.05, S). Exchange transfusion was reduced in group A 12% vs group B 48%.

Conclusion: Addition of intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of haemolytic disease of new born significantly reduces bilirubin levels, duration of phototherapy and need for exchange transfusion.

Keywords:  Bilirubin, Immunoglobulin.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Ponung Lego

PGT, Department of Paediatrics, Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Silchar