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Category: Volume 09 Issue 02 February 2021
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Title: Clinical Profile of Adult Patients Having Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Rajasthan: A Tertiary Care Centre Study

Authors: Dr Manan Bedi, Dr R.C. Meena, Dr Nalin Joshi, Dr Pradeep Soothwal, Dr Devender Sharma, Dr Vibhor Dubey, Dr Kunal waghela, Dr Ashish Tyagi, Dr Dharvi Hapaliya, Dr Fasal Ul Haq

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i2.22

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex, this complex includes M.tuberculosis, M. microti, M. africanum, M. bovis and M. canetti. Therefore primary site of infection is lung is the most commonly involved organ. One of the leading cause for deaths among adults in the world amongst the infectious diseases is Tuberculosis which in developing world accounts for 25% of avoidable adult deaths.

Material and Method: The cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at respiratory department of a tertiary care centre in Rajasthan, on 197 patients, where data was collected from year 2019 to 2020 from tuberculosis register maintained in tuberculosis unit .

Result: A total of 197 patients were studied who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study from January 2019 to June 2020. This study was done in Department of Respiratory medicine in a tertiary care hospital, Rajasthan. 144 were male (73.1%) and 53 were females (26.9%). 137 ( 69.5%) patients were of age group 21-40  years and  only 16 (8.13%) patients between 61-70 years. 152 were of rural area (77.2%) and 45 were of urban area (22.8%). Cough was the most common symptom (88.0%) followed by fever (85.7%). Hemoptysis (38.5%) and chest pain (17.2%) were the next common symptoms. Heaviness of chest (3.0%) was the least common symptom. Pulmonary infiltrate ( 55.8%) was most common radiological finding in their chest x-ray, followed by cavity (29.9%). 17 patients had nodular shadow (8.7%) and only 11 patients had military pattern (5.6%). 163 patients had unilateral involvement of lung (82.7%) and only 34 cases had bilateral involvement (17.3%). Most of the patients had right upper zone (59.8%) involvement , followed by left upper zone (11.6%) with involvement of lower lung field in only 4.0%.

Conclusion: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a curable disease if given proper treatment at proper time. Clinician need to understand these symptoms and findings of Chest X-ray soon for better management of patients. More study need to be done including different data from various tertiary care centre for more specific details.

Keywords: Pulmonary, Tuberculosis, Chest x-ray, Clinical profile.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Manan Bedi

Post graduate resident (3rd year), Department of Respiratory Medicine, NIMS, Jaipur