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Category: Volume 08 Issue 12 December 2020
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Title: Mortality among COVID-19 Patients- A Retrospective Study

Authors: Dr Amandeep Singh, Dr Pankaj Jorwal, Dr Upendra Baitha, Dr Manish Soneja, Dr Ashutosh Biswas, MD

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i12.14

Abstract

Objectives: Since December 2019, COVID-19 is engulfing the whole world day by day. It has a wide range of clinical manifestations which are evolving daily. We reviewed the factors associated with mortality among admitted COVID-19 patients by analysing their clinical profile and lab parameters.

Methods: Case records of 50 COVID-19 cases admitted to a medicine unit at AIIMS, New Delhi from April to mid-June were analysed retrospectively after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The course of disease was compared among survivors and non survivors.

Results: Among 50 subjects, 86% were below 60 years of age and 14% were above 60, mortality was higher in elderly age group and was statistically significant (p<0.05). Most patients were symptomatic; fever and dyspnoea being common presenting complain seen in 62% of patients followed by cough, myalgia, sore throat, diarrhoea and rash. Among patients who presented with all three symptoms at presentation (fever, cough & dyspnoea), 43% succumbed to disease. Looking at severity, 38% were mild, 42% were moderate and 20% were severe cases at admission. The mortality was highest in severe group (90%). Prior co morbidities were seen in 60% cases. Hypertension (24%) was the commonest followed by diabetes (18%) and CKD (6%). 66.7 % of patients with CKD died. Among non-survivors, 37.5% were anaemic and 72.7% had leucocytosis (p<0.05). 53.8% patients with raised urea and 36.3% patients with raised creatinine also died. 

Conclusion: Older age, anaemia, leucocytosis and deranged renal function at the presentation are significantly associated with mortality among admitted COVID-19 patients.

Keywords: COVID-19 Disease, Risk Factors, Mortality.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Pankaj Jorwal

Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi