Title: An analysis of Histopathology and Expression of GFAP in Glial Tumors
Authors: Dr Surekha Bantumilli MD, Dr Megala Chandrasekar, Dr Saranya Venkatesh
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i10.15
Abstract
Introduction: Glial tumours are the most common primary tumours of brain with survival rate depending on the grade of tumour. Neurological examination, imaging and histopathological examination helps in diagnosis. Though histopathological analysis is gold standard, immunohistochemical studies aids in confirmation of diagnosis. Expression of GFAP decreases with increase the grade of glial tumours.
GFAP helps in differentiating different types of glial tumours on one hand and glial and non-glial tumours on other hand.
Aims: To study the histomorphological patterns of glial tumours using Haematoxylin and Eosin stained sections for initial diagnosis and to evaluate expression of GFAP in glial tumours and correlate GFAP expression with tumour grading.
Methods: This is a prospective study undertaken for a period of one year. A total sample of 30 cases of glial tumours were studied by histopathological and immunohistochemical technique during period of July 2014 to July 2015.
Results: In present study GFAP expression was positive in 87% cases. The mean age of incidence of glial tumour in present study is 40 years. The overall male to female ratio observed was 1.3:1. In current study there was inverse correlation with grade of glioma and GFAP expression with low grade tumours showing intense GFAP staining and higher-grade tumour showing less expression.
Conclusion: Thus GFAP expression can be applied as surrogate marker in assessing the grade of the tumour. GFAP can also be used to indirectly assess the grade of tumour and helps in management of glial tumour.
Keywords: Glioma, GFAP.
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