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Category: Volume 08 Issue 08 August 2020
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Title: Impacts of Conventional Oxygen Therapy on COVID-19 Patient in Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

Authors: Dr Irin Hossain, Dr Ashekur Rahman Mullick, Prof Dr Manzurul Haque Khan, Dr M M Aktaruzzaman, Dr MdShafiur Rahman, Dr Shah Golam Nabi Tuhin, Dr Md Shahin

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i8.34

Abstract

Conventional oxygen therapy (COT) is the main supportive treatment administered to patients after planned extubation and has conventionally been delivered using nasal prongs, cannula or masks. The maximal oxygen flow rate delivered by COT is only 15 L/min, which is far lower than the demands of post-extubation patients with acute respiratory failure. We conducted a retro-prospective study of 63 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) of COVID-19 dedicated Mugda Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 1 to June 30, 2020. Treatment with 1-5 L oxygen/min through pipe (3, 4.76%), 6-10 L oxygen/min through pipe (5, 7.94%) and concentrator (3, 4.76%), 11-15 L oxygen/min through pipe (32, 50.79%) and through concentrator (4, 6.35%) were in close collaboration with intensive care associates and >15 L oxygen/min through pipe (16, 25.4%) was preferably done in intensive care units. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been used to supply 11-15L oxygen per minute (6, 9.52%) and more than 15L Oxygen per minute (5, 7.94%)whereas long-term Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) has been used to supply 6-10L Oxygen per minute (2, 3.17%), 11-15L Oxygen per minute (6, 9.52%) and more than 15L Oxygen per minute (5, 7.94%)were administrated for patients not responding to conventional oxygen therapy. Oxygen therapy is the most basic and critical treatment for the patients admitted in intensive care unit. High-flow nasal cannula may reduce the need for invasive ventilation and escalation of therapy compared with COT in COVID-19 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Keywords: Conventional Oxygen Therapy, ICU, High-flow Nasal Cannula, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, Mechanical Ventilation.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Irin Hossain, Dr Ashekur Rahman Mullick

National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Dhaka, Bangladesh