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Category: Volume 08 Issue 03 March 2020
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Title: Impact of Anaemia in Pregnancy on Feto-Maternal Outcome

Authors: Usharani A Devi, Sushma HP, L Ranjith Singh, M Rameswar Singh, A Bidya Devi, Florence Vanchhingpui, Darshan SM

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i3.14

Abstract

   

Introduction: Anaemia is the most common and widespread nutritional disorder among pregnant women in the world - a global health concern. Prevalence of anaemia is highest in South Asian countries among the world. Among the South Asian countries, India has the highest prevalence of anaemia (70%) and contributes to about 80% of the maternal deaths due to anaemia. Maternal haemoglobin has a positive relationship with the neonatal antropometric measurements. To plan effective intervention strategies to combat both iron deficiency and anaemia there is an urgent need to have better information on the iron status of populations that will enable the right interventions to be chosen in the first place and to make the journey of pregnancy safer.

Aims and Objectives: To determine the risk factors for anaemia in pregnancy and it’s impact on maternal and foetal outcome.

Materials and Methods: A Cross sectional study conducted in the In-patient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur. Pregnant women with haemoglobin <11 g/dl who were admitted for delivery were included in the study after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study included 170 anaemic pregnant women who were classified into mild, moderate, severe and very severe anaemia according to ICMR guidelines. These patients were followed up from the time of admission to one week after delivery for maternal and perinatal outcome.

Results: The incidence of mild, moderate, severe anaemia and very severe anaemia were 48.8%, 39.4%, 10.6%, 1.2% respectively. Majority of the anaemic women belonged to low socioeconomic status (88.82%) and rural area (84%). 18.8% had maternal complications and fetal outcome were observed in terms of morbidity (59.4%) and mortality (8.8%).

Conclusion: Anaemia has an adverse effect on the pregnancy outcome affecting both the mother and the foetus. The improvement in the haemoglobin level of a pregnant woman will have a positive impact on feto-maternal outcome.

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Corresponding Author

Sushma HP

Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional Institute of Medical sciences, Imphal, Manipur