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Category: Volume 08 Issue 01 January 2020
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Title: Aetiopathaological Study of Hoarseness of Voice

Authors: Dr Shushma Konda, Dr S.Surya Prakasa Rao, Dr T.V.S.S.N. Leela Prasad, Dr K.V.Madhavi Latha

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i1.108

Abstract

Background: Hoarseness is one of the most frequently found symptoms in otolaryngology. It is invariably the earliest manifestation of various conditions affecting directly or indirectly the larynx ranging from benign to malignant lesions. Hoarseness indicates an abnormality at the level of glottis resulting from structural or physiologic disorders. A careful and complete examination is mandatory because of impending brisk airway obstruction.

Aim: The aim is to evaluate various etiological factors and different pathologiesin clinical presentation of hoarseness of voice.

Materials and Methods: This is an observational study consisting of 50 cases of hoarseness carried out in the department of ENT, Govt. ENT Hospital, Visakhapatnam, during August 2018 and July 2019. A detailed history was taken, and all patients were subjected to the IDL examination. Findings were confirmed by videolaryngoscopy, direct laryngoscopy, and micro laryngoscopy.

Results: The majority of patients were seen in the age group of 41-60 years (40%). Male predominance was observed with a Male:Female ratio of 2.3:1.Most commonly seen in Manual labourers (hawkers) (35%).  Maximum patients presented with a duration of 1-3months. Smoking was the commonest habit in 40% of cases. The commonest cause was laryngeal malignancy (30%)followed by polyp (20%), vocal cord palsy(14%).The least common cause was vocal cord cyst seen in 2%cases.

Conclusion: Hoarseness of voice was most commonly seen in middle-aged males. Most of the patients attended with complaint of hoarseness with duration of 1-3 months. It was mostly seen in manual labourers (hawkers) along with habits of smoking and alcohol consumption, chewing tobacco preparations, and vocal abuse. Suspicion of Malignancy and its exclusion should be considered in all the cases with hoarseness.

Keywords: hoarseness of voice, laryngeal malignancy, smoking, vocal cord polyp.

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Corresponding Author

Dr S.Surya Prakasa Rao

Professor of ENT, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India