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Category: Volume 08 Issue 01 January 2020
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Title: Prescribing patterns of antihypertensive drugs: An observational hospital based study in outpatient department of a medical college in north India

Authors: Ajay Kumar, Apoorva Malhotra, Pavan Malhotra, Srishti Mantoo

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v8i1.32

Abstract

Background: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the prescribing pattern of drugs used in the management of hypertension in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Methods: A prospective study was conducted for the period of 5 months in an out-patient department. Prescription of males and females with diagnosed primary essential hypertension as per (JNC-VIII guidelines and patients receiving or prescribed with antihypertensive drugs were included. The collected was analyzed for the demographic profile of the patients and the prescribing pattern of antihypertensive drugs used in the management of hypertension.

Results: A total of 200 prescriptions were evaluated during study period, 51% were male and 49% were females respectively. Mean age of males and females was 52.7±1.3 and 48.03±0.4 years respectively. Dual therapy (61%) followed by monotherapy (20.5%) and multidrug therapy (18.5%) was prescribed to hypertensive patients. ARB+Diuretics (33.6%) followed by ARB+beta blocker (17.2%), ARB+CCB (17.2%) and ACEI+Diuretic (9.8%) were used in dual therapy. Angiotensin receptor blockers (44.73%) are most widely prescribed drugs followed by CCB (21.05%), ACEIs (14.6%), Diuretics (10.52%) and Beta blockers (10.52%) in monotherapy. In triple drug therapy most common combination was Diuretic+ARB+ACEIs (18.91%) and ARB+Beta blocker+CCB (18.91%). Single drug therapy ARB reduced SBP by 18.5% and DBP by 12.5% and in dual therapy combination of ARB and beta blocker reduced SBP by 22.16% & CCB+ACEI reduced DBP by 19.31%.

Conclusions: Dual therapy was frequently prescribed regimen followed by multidrug and monotherpy. ARB+Diuretic was most preferred treatment. In monotherapy most preferred drug was ARB followed by CCB. The prescribing patterns of anti HT drugs moderately followed standard treatment as per international guidelines for hypertension

Keywords: Prescription, Antihypertensives, Blood pressure, JNC-VII, Prescription pattern.

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Corresponding Author

Dr Apoorva Malhotra

Demonstrator, Department of Pharmacology, Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Sidhra, Jammu, J&K 180017, India