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Category: Volume 07 Issue 12 December 2019
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Title: Study of serum electrolyte (Sodium and potassium) levels in malarial Patients at Tertiary Hospital, Jhalawar Medical College and associated group of hospitals, Jhalawar

Author: Dr Raghunandan Meena

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i12.130

Abstract

Introduction

Malaria is an important public illness in term of morbidity and mortality, causing more than 200 million cases each year(1). Consistent with the WHO World Malaria report 2017, an estimated 216 million cases of malaria and 445 000 malaria deaths passed off in 2016 worldwide. Out of 216 million cases of malaria that befell worldwide in 2016, India account for six percentage. Seven percentage of all the malaria associated deaths happened in India in 2016. India recorded the most number of deaths in the Southeast Asian region. India stands third in the list of 15 countries that contributed to eighty percentage of the global malaria burden. About 4% of estimated cases globally have been triggered by using P. Vivax, but outside the African continent this percentage was once 36%. India was first among six nations, as opposed to Ethiopia, Afghanistan, Indonesia and Pakistan — that reported 85 percent of vivax malaria cases(2). Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease transmitted through the bite of a female anopheles mosquito and rarely using blood transfusion. There are 4 species of Plasmodium which causes malaria in humans. The species are P.Falciparum, P.Vivax, P.Malariae and P.Ovale. Among these 4 species, P.Falciparum is more dangerous and more responsible for mortality and extreme problems, which include cerebral malaria, anaemia and renal failure(3).

 It is a disease that can be treated in just 48 hours, yet it can cause fatal complications if the diagnosis and treatment are delayed(4). Most adults living in malaria endemic areas have partial immunity and are at risk of chronic or repeated infections(5). Many are asymptomatic carriers of the disease. Typically, malaria produces fever, headache, vomiting and other flu-like symptoms. If drugs are not available for treatment or the parasites are resistant to them, the infection can progress rapidly to become life-threatening(6). Malaria parasites are developing unacceptable levels of resistance to one drug after another and many insecticides are no longer useful against mosquitoes transmitting the disease(7).

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Corresponding Author

Dr Raghunandan Meena

Associate Professor, Medicine, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar Rajasthan