Details
Category: Volume 07 Issue 12 December 2019
Hits: 1025

Title: Study of Ocular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients Attending in Tertiary Care Hospital at S.K.M.C.H., Muzaffarpur, Bihar

Authors: Dr Rajiv Kumar Singh, Dr. Ramakant Thakur

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i12.71

Abstract

Objectives: There is an increasing prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus with advancing age, adult diabetics are also at risk of vision threatening retinopathies. A fourth of the world's blind population is resides in India. Ocular complications due to diabetes mellitus manifests in various ways, but manifestations of diabetes other than diabetic retinopathy are easily overlooked. The aims and objectives of this present study were to determine the common ocular complications in patients suffering from diabetes.

Materials and Methods: A total of 72 patients with ocular complications of diabetes in one or both eyes attending in ophthalmology outpatient department were included in the study.

Results: Out of the 72 patients 28 patients (38.89%) were belonged to be in the age group of 51-60 years followed by 22 patients (30.50%) was from 61-70 years. The average age of the patients studied was 51.6yrs. 48 (66.67%) patients were male while 24 (33.33%) patients were female. Retinopathy was the most common ocular complication occurring in 47 (65.27%) diabetes mellitus patients. The prevalence of cataract was in 17 patients (23.61%) followed by Primary open angle glaucoma 01 (1.38%) and extra ocular muscle palsy 01(1.38%). We found significant association between sex and ocular complication of diabetes mellitus wherein cataract was more common in female diabetes patients 11(64.70%) as compared to male patients 06 (35.3%). The prevalence of NPDR was higher in male diabetes patients 32 (68.1%) than in female diabetes patients 15(31.9%). Our study showed a higher prevalence of DR amongst male subjects. The most notable complication seen with increased duration of diabetes was non proliferative diabetic retinopathy. A non significant association was noted between ages of the diabetic patient and associated ocular complication.

Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy was the commonest ocular complication of diabetes, followed by cataract and primary open angle glaucoma. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was higher in patients with longer duration of diabetes.

Keywords: Diabetes, Ocular complications, Diabetic retinopathy, cataract.

References

  1. Narendran V, John R.K, Raghuram A, Ravindran R.D, Nirmalan P.K, Thulasiraj R.D. Diabetic retinopathy among self reported diabetics in southern India: a population based assessment.Br J of Ophthalmol 2002 Sep; 86(9): 1014-1018.
  2. Cavalleranoj Ocular manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Optom Clin 1992; 2:93-116.
  3. Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL: The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. II. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is less than 30 years. Arch Ophthalmol 1984; 102:527-532.
  4. Armstrong JR, Daily RK, Dobson HL, Girard LW The incidence of glaucoma in diabetes mellitus. A comparision with the incidence of glaucoma in the general population. Am J Ophthalmol 1960; 50:55.
  5. Rush JA. Extra ocular muscle palsies in diabetes mellitus. International Ophthalmology Clinics 1984; 24:155-159.
  6. Watanabe K, et al: Characteristics of cranial nerve palsies in diabetic patients. Diabetes Res ClinPract 10:19-27, 1990.
  7. Raheja BS. Diab Care Asia-India Study: diabetes care in India-current status.J Assoc Physicians India. 2001 Jul;49:717-22.
  8. Al-Bdour MD, A1-Till MI, Samra KM. Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy among Jordanian diabetics. Middle East J Ophthalmol 2008:15(2);p 77-80.
  9. Raman R, Pal SS, Adams JS, Rani PK, Vaitheeswaran K, Sharma T. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Cataract in Diabetes. Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology And Molecular Genetics Study Report No 17. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010.
  10. Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL: The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. II. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is less than 30 years.Arch Ophthalmol 1984; 102:520-526.
  11. Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL: The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. III. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 or more years. Arch Ophthalmol 102: 527- 532,1984.
  12. Gupta S, Ambade A. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and influencing factors amongst type 2 diabetics from central India \ Int J Diab Dev Ctries 2004: 24:75-8.
  13. Bron AJ, Sparrow J,Brown NAP, Harding JJ.The lens in diabetes. Eye1993; 7:260-275.
  14. Klein R, Klein B, Moss S, et al: The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy. XIV. Ten-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol 1994;112:1217-1228.
  15. Yanko L, Goldbourt U, Michaelson C. et al: Prevalence and 15-year incidence retinopathy and associated characteristics in middle-aged and elderly diabetic runner. Br J Ophthalmol 1983;67:759-765.

Corresponding Author

Dr Ramakant Thakur

Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, S. K. Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur