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Category: Volume 07 Issue 12 December 2019
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Title: A Clinical Study on Ectopic Pregnancy

Authors: Prem Singh Tak, Kalpana Mehta, Vimla Choudhary

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i12.24

Abstract

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is defined as any intra or extra uterine pregnan­cy in which the fertilized ovum implants at an aberrant site which is unfavorable to its growth and development. It is the most important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in the first trimester. It occurs when the developing blastocyst implants either outside the uterus or in an abnormal position within the uterus corneal.

Objective: To find out the incidence of ectopic pregnancy and to determine the clinical features, risk factors, treatment and assessment of risk of maternal mortality and morbidity in a tertiary care hospital.   

Material and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted over a period of two years. A total of 17560 deliveries occur during this period and 78 cases were diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy. Data were collected from labor ward and operation theatre registers. All these cases were analyzed with respect to the history, clinical presentation, investigations and treatment.

Results: Out of 17560 deliveries 78 cases were diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy giving the incidence of 0.44%. A majority of the patients (70.51%) belonged to the age group of 20-30 yrs. Among that 71.8% were multigravida and 28.2% were primi gravid. Cervical motion tenderness was found to be a significant finding in 64 (82.05%) cases followed by adenaxal mass in 61 (78.20%) cases. The commonest site for ectopic pregnancy was tubal (93.58%) followed by ovarian (3.84%). Ruptured ectopic was present in 79.48% cases on laparotomy while 11.53% were unruptured.

Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy is a leading cause in young reproductive woman. High degree of suspicion and early diagnosis is the key to successful management.

Keywords:  Amenorrhea, Ectopic pregnancy, Maternal mortality, Ruptured ectopic, Tubectomy.

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Corresponding Author

Prem Singh Tak

Dr S N Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan