Details
Category: Volume 07 Issue 11 November 2019
Hits: 1118

Title: Epidemiology and Interventions of Sickle Cell Anaemia among Children in East Madhya Pradesh

Authors: Rinku Bhagora, Sonu Rawat, Rakesh Singh Hazari, Atul Mane, Priya Kapoor

 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i11.21

Abstract

Aims and Objectives is 1.To know the epidemiology and intervention of sickle cell anaemia.

  1. Correlation of clinical findings, haematological parameters, peripheral blood picture, sickling test and HB electrophoresis.

Material and Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of 175 cases of anaemia with SCD children to know the epidemiology of sickle cell anaemia. Data collected from case files, patient history, clinical profile, Peripheral blood findings, haematological parameters, sickling tests and HB electrophoresis reports.

Results: Prevalence of SCD in this area is 8.57 %. Incidence in tribal is 67 %. Patient ages ranged from 2 to 14 years (median 6 years) at the time of recruitment. The age at first diagnosis of SCD was 2 years in our study. 8 patients (53.33 %) were male and 7 patients (46.66 %) were female. Maximum no. of cases present with symptoms of pallor (100%) followed by fever (33.33 %), abdominal pain (26.66%), chest and joint pain (20 %) & cough & difficulty in breathing (20 %) and skin infection (6.66 %) were found. 9 out of 15 patients (60 %) had clinically detectable splenomegaly and 4 (26.66 %) had hepatomegaly. Severe anaemia 6.66 %, moderate anaemia 40 % and mild anaemia 53.33 % with male predominance. Laboratory parameters showed a haemolytic profile.

Conclusion: Proper and adequate counselling should be given to couple before marriage and haemoglobin genetic counselling and education should be included.

Keywords: Epidemiology, sickle cell, HB electrophoresis.

References

  1. Stephen N, Nden N, Gusen NJ, Kumzhi PR, Gaknung B, Auta DA,Bulndi LB, Mbursa C, Kumari VP, Nanvyat N. Prevalence of sickle cell disease among children attending plateau specialist hospital, Jos, Nigeria, Acta Med Int 2018;5:20
  2. Graham R. Serjeant1,* Kanjaksha Ghosh,2 and Jyotish Patel3 Sickle cell disease in India: A perspective. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2016 Jan; 143(1): 21–24.
  3. CASSIE JESSICA OSBOURNE, SICKLE CELL DISEASE AWARENESS AMONGST COLLEGE STUDENTS, Urbana, Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2011
  4. Obeagu, Emmanuel if eanyl1, Ochei, K.C.2, Nwachukwu, B.N.3, Nchuma, Blessing Ogechi4, Sickle Cell Anemia: A Review, Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Science, 2015; 3(6B): 2244-2252
  5. Vinay kumar, Abdul k.Abbas, Jon C.Aster, Robbins and Cotran, Pathologic basis of Disease, South asia edition. 2015. ISBN-978-1-4557- 2613-4 Volume 1 page no. 635.
  6. MA Bender, MD, PhD. Sickle Cell Disease. Gene Reviews Advanced Search, August 17, 2017.
  7. Eman A. Ajjack1, Hiba A. Awooda2, Sana Eltahir Abdalla3, Haemoglobin Patterns in Patients with Sickle Cell Haemoglobinopathies, International Journal of Hematological Disorders, 2014, Vol. 1, No. 1, 8-11
  8. Tejindarsingh MD, FICP, FISHTM, Atlas and text of Hematology, Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi. 2014. Fourth edition. ISBN-978-81-7739-413-9. Chapter 4 Page no. 173.
  9. Barbara J. Bain, Imelda Bates, Mike A. Laffan, S. Mitchell Lewis, Dacie and Lewis, Practical Haematology, 2014. Eleventh edition. Chapter 5, page no. 84
  10. CarinnaHockham, Samir Bhatt, Roshan colah, Malay B. Mukharjee, Bridget S. Penman, Sunetra Gupta, Frederic B. Piel, The spatial epidemiology of sickle cell anaemia in India. Sci Rep. 2018;8: 17685.
  11. Shirish M Kawthalkar, essentials of Clinical Pathology, First edition, Chapter 27 Laboratory tests in Anemia, Page no. 266
  12. Kamble M, Chaturvedi P., Epidemiology of sickle cell disease in a rural hospital of central india, Department of Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra. Indian Pediatr.2000 Apr;37(4):391-6
  13. Manish Sadarangani,1 Julie Makani,1,2,4 Albert N Komba,1 Tolu Ajala-Agbo,3 Charles R Newton,1 Kevin Marsh,1,4 and Thomas N Williams. An observational study of children with sickle cell disease in Kilifi, Kenya. British Journal of Haematology. 2009 Sep; 146(6): 675–682.
  14. Milena Magalhães Aleluia,1,2 Teresa Cristina Cardoso Fonseca,3,4 Regiana Quinto Souza,3,4 Fábia Idalina Neves,3 Caroline Conceição da Guarda,1,2 Rayra Pereira Santiago,1,2 Bruna Laís Almeida Cunha,2 Camylla Villas Boas Figueiredo,1,2 Sânzio Silva Santana,1,2 Silvana Sousa da Paz,1 Júnia Raquel Dutra Ferreira,1,2 Bruno Antônio Veloso Cerqueira,5 and Marilda de Souza Gonçalves corresponding author1,2. Comparative study of sickle cell anemia and hemoglobin SC disease: clinical characterization, laboratory biomarkers and genetic profiles. BMC Hematology. Sep 15. 2017;
  15. Mohieldin Elsayid,1 Mohammed Jahman Al-Shehri,1 Yasser Abdullah Alkulaibi,1 Abdullah Alanazi,2 and Shoeb Qureshi3 Frequency distribution of sickle cell anemia, sickle cell trait and sickle/beta-thalassemia among anemic patients in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Natural Science Biology and Medicine. 2015 Aug; 6(Suppl 1): S85–S88.

Corresponding Author

Sonu Rawat

Demonstrator, Department of Pathology, Government Medical College& district hospital, Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh